This study aimed to analyse changes in the profile of long-chain fatty acids ruminal fluid cows during vitro fermentation, using different proportions maize DDGS (distillers dried grains with solubles) as a substrate. The serum bottles were filled 1 g concentrate feed (C), which consisted cereal middlings, postextraction rapeseed meal, and soybean meal. Substrates I, II, III contained same ingr...

In the mid-1970s, ionophores were approved by the Food and Drug Administration for addition to the rations of ruminants in the United States. Monensin has been used most extensively, but others, including lasalocid, tetronasin, lysocellin, narasin, and laidlomycin, either have been investigated or are used commercially. lonophores generally have improved the efficiency of feed utilization; with...

The essential role of ruminal microflora in ruminant nutrition provides the potential for improvement in animal production via altering the numbers or activities of specific classes of microorganisms. Successful alterations will be facilitated by an understanding of the microbial ecology of the rumen based on its mechanistic underpinnings. Demonstrated improvements in ruminal fermentation can b...

Treponema saccharophilum was isolated in the early decades and described as highly preferred to utilize pectin for growth. Typically, alfalfa hay contains 10–15% pectin as a component of the cell wall matrix, whereas grass or corn stover has pectin content less than 5%. The objective of this study was to develop a set of PCR primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene of T. saccharophilum and to assess...

the objective of this study was to determine the effects of diets having different fermentability on blood gases, blood metabolites and ruminal fermentation parameters in holstein dairy cows. four multiparous holstein dairy cows (665 ± 25 kg bw, 170 ± 7.0 dim and 15±1.5 kg of milk yield), fitted with rumen cannulae, were used in a 4×4 latin square design with 28-d periods. corn starch and sucro...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of inulin [as topinambur (Helianthus tuberosus L.) powder] on in vitro rumen fermentation of diets containing hay and pelleted concentrate for sheep (approximately 60:40%) in artificial rumen (the RUSITEC system). The RUSITEC system consisted of six fermentation vessels. Topinambur powder was added at levels of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1....

Effect of various doses and forms of selenium (organically bound vs. inorganic) on selected parameters of ruminal fluid and blood in sheep was evaluated. The trial was performed with 15 sheep divided into two groups. Animals from group A (n = 8) received a feeding mixture with selenomethionine, while sheep from group B (n = 7) were fed a mixture with sodium selenite. During the first 14 days, a...

OBJECTIVE The impact of forage feeding strategy on growth performance, ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility in post-weaning calves was investigated. METHODS Forty-five female Holstein calves (body weight [BW] = 79.79±0.38 kg) were enrolled in the 35-d study at one week after weaning and randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments. All diets were fed as total mixed ration c...

Nitrate, 3-nitro-1-propionic acid (NPA) and 3-nitro-1-propanol (NPOH) can accumulate in forages and be poisonous to animals if consumed in high enough amounts. These chemicals are also recognized as potent anti-methanogenic compounds, but plants naturally containing these chemicals have been studied little in this regard. Presently, we found that nitrate-, NPA-, or NPOH-containing forages effec...

Four Holstein steers with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to examine the effect of daily intake of 0, 2, 4 or 6 g/steer of standardized plant extract containing a mixture of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids and protopine alkaloids (QBA+PA) on the characteristics of ruminal fermentation and characteristics of digestion. The basal diet consisted of a...