The comparison of the bacterial profile of intracellular (iDNA) and extracellular DNA (eDNA) isolated from cow rumen content stored under different conditions was conducted. The influence of rumen fluid treatment (cheesecloth squeezed, centrifuged, filtered), storage temperature (RT, -80 °C) and cryoprotectants (PBS-glycerol, ethanol) on quality and quantity parameters of extracted DNA was eval...

Materials and Methods Dietary supplementation of probiotic yeast ( ) was noted to improve the animal performance by improving the digestibility of nutrients and rumen bacterial number [1]. Addition of yeast culture, as a probiotic, in animal feeds improves fibre digestion [2], the cellulolytic activity of rumen microbes [3], and reduces the lactate accumulation and oxygen concentration in rumen...

Post-operative complications of trocarisation and rumenotomy are the most common causes of peritonitis associated with a rumen disorder. Since horn injury leading to rumen perforation has not previously been reported in the literature, two cows with this condition are reported. Small superficial skin lesions were observed in one of the cows and the other had a perforating skin lesion in the lef...

Rumen microbial populations were measured in Brahman-cross steers that were relocated from spear grass (Heteropogon contortus) dominant pastures in northern Queensland to buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliasis) dominant pastures in central Queensland, to assess whether aspects of rumen function may contribute to the sometimes reported depressed growth rates following relocation. Nine genera of ciliate...

We used DNA probes to study dietary effects on the prokaryotic population in the rumen. Procedures used to isolate and quantify prokaryotic 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from the rumen using universal and species-specific DNA probes were evaluated. In this experiment, three ruminally fistulated steers were fed orchard-grass hay, and ruminal digesta were collected at 0, 3, and 9 h after offering hay ...

1. [35S]sulphate was used to measure the apparent turnover of sulphate, sulphide and microbial-protein-S in the rumen contents of four sheep that were intraruminally infused with 10 g sodium sulphate/d alone, or together with 126 mg sodium molybdate (50 mg molybdenum). 2. Infusion of molybdate increased the concentration of sulphate in rumen fluid from 2.2 to 7.2 mug S/ml and decreased the rate...

the aim of this study was to assess the effect of several doses of spearmint essential oil (seo; 0, 250, 500, 750 or 1,000 µg ml-1 buffered rumen fluid) on the fermentation kinetic and digestibility using in vitro gas production technique. a total mixed ration (30% roughage: 70% concentrate) was incubated with buffered rumen fluid. in vitro gas production, asymptotic gas production (a), rate of...

Proteins and peptides were acetylated using acetic anhydride in order to block their N-terminal amino groups and thereby to prevent their hydrolysis by rumen microbial aminopeptidases. The effects of acetylation on peptide breakdown and ammonia production were determined by incubating unmodified and acetylated substrates with sheep rumen micro-organisms in vitro. Ammonia production from casein ...

Anteiso-fatty acids (aFA) with odd carbon number are a class of branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) mainly produced by bacteria. Bacterial sources are also made responsible for their occurrence in the low percent-range in lipids of ruminants (meat and milk) and fish. aFAs are chiral molecules and typically occur predominantly in form of (S)-enantiomers, and their primary precursor has been noted ...

1. Pelleted diets containing concentrates and 0, 200, 400 or 600 g chopped straw/kg were fed ad lib, for 5 h daily to four cows. Concentrations of various energy-yielding metabolites were measured in samples of rumen fluid and jugular blood taken before feeding and at intervals after food was offered. 2. After feeding, the pH of rumen fluid decreased rapidly and the total concentration of volat...