Accuracy in the treatment planning (TP) of proton therapy (PT) depends on precision information employed to calculate relative stopping power (RSP) tissues patient's body. This is obtained from x-ray computed tomography (xCT) images and calibration curve needed convert Hounsfield unit RSP values. Using xCT bears errors range estimation dose calculation TP. Proton (pCT) can decrease inherent unc...

The complexity of hardware/software codesign of embedded real-time signal processing systems can be reduced by rapid system prototyping (RSP). However, existing RSP frameworks do not provide a sound specification and design methodology (SDM) because they require the designer to choose the implementation target before specification and design exploration and they do not work together coherently ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS It has been previously reported that pasta containing wholegrain sorghum flour exhibits high content of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity and hence might enhance antioxidant status and reduce markers of oxidative stress in vivo; however no clinical studies have yet been reported. Therefore, the present study assessed the effect of pasta containing red or white wholegrain so...

Maximizing recovery and characterization of extractable proteins from secondary paper sludge is essential to explore the potential value from utilization of readily available waste products from pulp and paper mills. A multistep physicochemical recovery process was used, involving optimum alkaline solubilization of protein into an aqueous phase followed by augmented physical disruption of cell ...

Small-sided and conditioned games (SSCGs) in sport have been modelled as complex adaptive systems. Research has shown that the relative space per player (RSP) formulated in SSCGs can impact on emergent tactical behaviours. In this study we adopted a systems orientation to analyse how different RSP values, obtained through manipulations of player numbers, influenced four measures of interpersona...

Targeted overexpression of biologically active peptides represents a powerful approach to the functional dissection of neuroendocrine systems. However, the requirement to generate separate, biologically active and reporter molecules necessitates the use of internal ribosome entry site (IRES) technology, which often results in preferential translation of the second cistron. We report here a nove...

Proton computed tomography (CT) has been described as a solution for imaging the proton stopping power of patient tissues, therefore reducing the uncertainty of the conversion of x-ray CT images to relative stopping power (RSP) maps and its associated margins. This study aimed to investigate this assertion under the assumption of ideal detection systems. We have developed a Monte Carlo framewor...

Synthetic surfactants allow examination of the effects of specific components of natural surfactant. To determine whether surfactant containing apoprotein C, dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and palmitic acid restores gas-exchanging function in acute lung injury (ALI), we administered such surfactant (in doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg and in volumes from 1 to 6 ml/kg) or phospho...

Several lines of evidence have implicated the existence of the brain's default network during passive or undirected mental states. Nevertheless, results on the emergence of the default network in very young pediatric subjects are lacking. Using resting functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy pediatric subjects between 2 weeks and 2 years of age, we describe the temporal evolution of th...