The human DNA glycosylase NEIL1, activated during the S-phase, has been shown to excise oxidized base lesions in single-strand DNA substrates. Furthermore, our previous work demonstrating functional interaction of NEIL1 with PCNA and flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) suggested its involvement in replication-associated repair. Here we show interaction of NEIL1 with replication protein A (RPA), the hete...

Polymerase stalling results in uncoupling of DNA polymerase and the replicative helicase, which generates single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). After stalling, RAD51 accumulates at stalled replication forks to stabilize the fork and to repair by homologous recombination (HR) double-strand breaks (DSBs) that accumulate there. We showed recently that SUMO modification of the BLM helicase is required in or...

Objective: Monkey B virus (BV) infection in humans and other macaque species has a mortality rate of approximately 80%. Because BV infects through bites, scratches, injuries inflicted by macaques, the simple rapid diagnosis field laboratories is great importance to protect veterinarians, laboratory researchers, support personnels from threat infection. Methods: Two recombinase polymerase amplif...

Werner syndrome is a hereditary disorder characterized by the early onset of age-related symptoms, including cancer. The absence of a p53-WRN helicase interaction may disrupt the signal to direct S-phase cells into apoptosis for programmed cell death and contribute to the pronounced genomic instability and cancer predisposition in Werner syndrome cells. Results from coimmunoprecipitation studie...

New anthrax vaccines currently under development are based on recombinant protective antigen (rPA) and formulated with aluminum adjuvant. Because long-term stability is a desired characteristic of these vaccines, an understanding of the effects of adsorption to aluminum adjuvants on the structure of rPA is important. Using both biophysical and immunological techniques, we compared the structure...

The bystander effect is a biological phenomenon whereby cells not directly targeted by DNA-damaging agents elicit a response similar to that of targeted cells. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the bystander effect is important not only for radiation risk assessment but also for evaluation of protocols for radiotherapy of tumors. Identification of DNA repair and signal transduction protei...

In this work, we propose novel two-dimensional (2D) Janus Ni dichalcogenide materials and explore their feasibility, stability evaluate electronic optical properties with ab-initio calculations. Three unique materials, namely NiSSe, NiSTe NiSeTe, 2H hexagonal structure were proposed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, show that among the three proposed NiXY 2D NiSSe had best energeti...

The fine structure of the IsoVector Giant Dipole Resonance (IVGDR) in doubly-magic nuclei $^{40,48}$Ca observed inelastic proton scattering experiments under $0^\circ$ is used to investigate role different mechanisms contributing IVGDR decay width. Characteristic energy scales are extracted from by means wavelet analysis. experimental compared theoretical approaches allowing for inclusion compl...

Replication protein A (RPA), the eukaryotic single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA [ss-DNA])-binding protein, is involved in DNA replication, nucleotide damage repair, mismatch repair, and DNA damage checkpoint response, but its function in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is poorly understood. We investigated the function of RPA in homology-dependent DSB repair using Xenopus laevis nucle...

Phosphorylation of replication protein A (RPA) by Cdk2 and the checkpoint kinase ATR (ATM and Rad3 related) during replication fork stalling stabilizes the replisome, but how these modifications safeguard the fork is not understood. To address this question, we used single-molecule fiber analysis in cells expressing a phosphorylation-defective RPA2 subunit or lacking phosphatase activity toward...