Polyphenolic compounds constitute one of the most characteristic classes of compounds in higher plants. Cinnamic acid derivates (e.g. caffeic, ferulic and p-coumaric acid) occur widely in higher plants as ester or glycosides. Quinic acid and monocaffeates, especially chlorogenic acid, are the most widely present ester derivates. Besides, a large number of other simple esters and glycosides (mai...

Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth is well-known for its ability to alleviate liver heat. In this study, ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated on mouse models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis. After 6 8 weeks treatment, serum parameters gene expressions in tissue samples, as well stained sections, demonstrated that the effective treating these diseases. The principal bioactive consti...

This study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Salvia verticillata ssp. verticillata and spp. amasiaca. The samples were subjected to screening for their possible antioxidant activity by using 2,2diphenyl-1-picriylhydrazyl (DPPH) and β-carotene/linoleic acid assays. The methanol extracts particularly found to posses st...

Objective(s): Precision-cut tissue slices are considered an organotypic 3D model widely used in biomedical research. The comet assay is an important screening test for early genotoxicity risk assessment that is mainly applied on in vitro models.  The aim of the present study was to provide a 3D organ system for determination of genotoxicity using a modified method of the comet assay since the s...

Prunella vulgaris L. (Labiatae) contains a variety of structurally diverse natural products, primarily rosmarinic acid (RA), ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA), which possess a wide array of biological properties. In the present study, P. vulgaris was harvested at three developmental stages (vegetative, full-flowering and mature-fruiting stages), dissected into stem and leaf tissues and ...

Chloropinane and chloromenthene, synthesized from pinene limonene, respectively, were compared with their non-halogenated analogs n-hexane for ability to solubilize natural products of interest such as ?-carotenoids, vanillin, rosmarinic acid. was six times more efficient than hexane ?-carotene solubilization. Chloromenthene 15 better hexane. Vanillin 20 soluble in chloropinane chloromenthene 3...

rosmarinus officinalis is one of the most important medicinal and aromatic plants around the world. essential oil as a weapon against biotic and abiotic stresses plays an important role in essential oil bearing plants. in this study the essential oil content and constituent of plants containing bacterium-gall on the shoots and crown was compared with non-contaminated plants. essential oil perce...

Rosmarinic acid (RA) reduced the mortality of mice infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Significant decreases in viral loads (P < 0.001) and proinflammatory cytokine levels (P < 0.001) were observed in JEV-infected animals treated with RA compared to levels in infected mice without treatment, at 8 to 9 days postinfection.