Software protection is an area of active research in which a variety of techniques have been developed to address the issue. Examples of such techniques include code obfuscation, software watermarking, and tamper detection. In this paper we propose a tamper resistance technique which provides both on and offline tamper detection. In our offline approach, the software dynamically detects tamperi...

In situ, cells of the musculoskeletal system reside within complex and often interconnected 3-D environments. Key to better understanding how 3-D tissue and cellular environments regulate musculoskeletal physiology, homeostasis, and health is the use of robust methodologies for directly visualizing cell-cell and cell-matrix architecture in situ. However, the use of standard optical imaging tech...

The debts’ clearing problem is about clearing all the debts in a group of n entities (persons, companies etc.) using a minimal number of money transaction operations. The problem is known to be NP-hard in the strong sense. As for many intractable problems, techniques from the field of artificial intelligence are useful in finding solutions close to optimum for large inputs. An evolutionary algo...

In this article, we discuss the optical immersion method based on refractive index matching of scatterers (e.g., collagen, elastin fibers, cells and cell compartments) and the ground material (interstitial fluid and/or cytoplasm) of tissue and blood under the action of exogenous optical clearing agents. We analyze the optical clearing of fibrous and cell-structured tissues and blood from the po...