While coherency between an RF-tone and OFDM signals in RoF systems at 60 GHz is de-correlated by fiber dispersion, both phase rotation term (PRT) on each subcarrier and inter-carrier interference (ICI) between subcarriers are induced at a receiver. We analytically calculate the powers of PRT and ICI under different parameters, such as subcarrier number, modulation format, laser linewidth and tr...

Health providers and their patients are accustomed to taking risks and benefits into account when deciding whether or not to use a particular treatment. In some instances the choice is clear cut, as when the treatment has few side effects or the patient has a strong aversion to a particular health outcome. When an intervention has favourable effects on some health outcomes and unfavourable effe...

BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with cough, sputum production or dyspnoea and a reduction in lung function, quality of life and life expectancy. Apart from smoking cessation, there are no other treatments that slow lung function decline. Roflumilast and cilomilast are oral phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors proposed to reduce the airway inflammation and ...