(4) For every function yielding function f holds Subf rng f = rng f . (5) For all sets A, B, x and for every function f such that x ∈ A and f ∈ BA holds f (x) ∈ B. (6) For all sets A, B, C such that if C = / 0, then B = / 0 or A = / 0 and for every function f from A into CB holds domκ f (κ) = A 7−→ B. Let us mention that / 0 is function yielding. In the sequel n denotes a natural number and p, ...

A pseudo-random number generator (RNG) might be used to generate w-bit random samples in d dimensions if the number of state bits is at least dw. Some RNGs perform better than others and the concept of equidistribution has been introduced in the literature in order to rank different RNGs. We define what it means for a RNG to be (d,w)-equidistributed, and then argue that (d,w)-equidistribution i...

The backward-facing step flow (BFSF) is a classical problem in fluid mechanics, hydraulic engineering, and environmental hydraulics. nature of this flow, consisting separation reattachment, makes it worthy investigation. In study, divided into two parts, the effect cylinder placed downstream on 2D structure was investigated. Part 1, BFSF validated by using OpenFOAM. characteristics (reattachmen...

Abstract To verify the operational feasibility of plate-and-tube evaporative cooling frost-free heat pump exchanger and its influence factors, a single was selected as simulation object, VOF model, RNG k-ε self-programmed UDF program were used to control water vapor transfer mass air flow rate on internal law model. The results show that velocity increases, percentage turbulent inside model sol...

Bu çalışmada, çatı eğim açısının 15°, 30° ve 45° saçak 0°, 30°, 60° olduğu beşik çatılı alçak bina modelleri etrafında sürekli rejimdeki üç boyutlu akış alanları, Reynolds sayısının 40000 değeri için Standard k-ε, RNG k-ε Realizable türbülans ile hesaplanmıştır. Çatı açılarındaki değişikliğin basınç dağılımları üzerindeki etkisi model yüzeylerinde ortalama katsayısı şeklinde incelenmiştir. Sayı...

In numerous industries such as drilling, peening, cleaning, etc., a cavitating jet is adopted. However, it challenging to simulate the flow field numerically with accuracy. The of organ pipe cavitation nozzle simulated in this research using RNG k−ε, DES, and LES turbulence models. model can more accurately predict periodic shedding cloud, which basically consistent morphology captured high−spe...