conclusions bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation is rare. it could be undiagnosed, especially when there is no clear history of major trauma. by awareness of such unusual possibility, early diagnosis, treatment, and reduction can provide desirable outcome. introduction shoulder dislocation is the most common presentation of joint dislocation in emergency department (ed). bilateral shoulder d...

This paper presents a system-based model for the fatigue assessment of old, deteriorating riveted railway bridge connections, which are built up of a number of basic components. A finite element model of a typical, short-span railway bridge is used to convert train loading into probabilistic fatigue load spectra via Monte Carlo train simulations. Uncertainties in terms of loading, resistance an...

In eddy current non-destructive testing of a multi-layered riveted structure, rotating current excitation, generated by orthogonal coils, is advantageous in providing sensitivity to defects of all orientations. However, when used with linear array sensors, the exciting magnetic flux density ( B x ) of the orthogonal coils is not uniform over the sensor region, resulting in an output signal magn...

This paper presents a probabilistic load model for fatigue assessment of old metallic railway bridges. The traffic basis of the model consists of trains obtained from past records and present-day trains obtained from codes. The traffic is divided into four distinct time periods each associated with particular characteristics in rail traffic. Traffic evolution scenarios for the future, in terms ...

In eddy current non-destructive testing of a multi-layered riveted structure, rotating current excitation, generated by orthogonal coils, is advantageous in providing sensitivity to defects of all orientations. However, when used with linear array sensors, the exciting magnetic flux density (Bx) of the orthogonal coils is not uniform over the sensor region, resulting in an output signal magnitu...