PURPOSE We sought brain activity that predicts visual consciousness. METHODS We used electroencephalography (EEG) to measure brain activity to a 1000-ms display of sine-wave gratings, oriented vertically in one eye and horizontally in the other. This display yields binocular rivalry: irregular alternations in visual consciousness between the images viewed by the eyes. We replaced both grating...

The extent to which primates can flexibly adjust the production of gestural communication according to the presence and visual attention of the audience provides key insights into the social cognition underpinning gestural communication, such as an understanding of third party relationships. Gestures given in a mating context provide an ideal area for examining this flexibility, as frequently t...

While the predicate view of proper names is popular among linguists, it not unanimous. This paper contributes to discussion by considering some linguistic data exemplified phrases such as “Operation Valkyrie” and Desert Storm”. These examples bring clues about structure phrasesthat help us understand procedure involved in naming individuals. One gap between first constituent (“operation”) secon...

Many retailers designate a national brand manufacturer as a "category captain" to help manage the entire category. The category captain is involved in decisions that a¤ect not only its own brands, but also those of its rivals. We examine how engaging a self-interested category captain a¤ects the category captain, the retailer and the rival manufacturer, when the category captain is responsible ...