General Comment 36 of the Human Rights Committee, adopted in 2018, proposes that ‘States parties engaged acts aggression as defined international law, resulting deprivation life, violate ipso facto article 6 Covenant.’ One question about this claim is whether it reduces incentives for compliance with humanitarian law states and their agents – provided through principles belligerent equality com...

In wireless power receiver systems, the buck converter is widely used to step down higher rectified voltage derived from coil, a lower output for immediate battery charging process. this article, presence and effect of right-half-plane (RHP) zeros found in small-signal inductor-current-to-duty-ratio output-voltage-to-duty-ratio transfer functions system on control performance, are investigated....

performance of contract in many situations is not possible without cooperation from the side of the obligee, and he/she has a duty to do all acts which are necessary to make enable the obligor for contract performance. for example, the execution of medical contract depends on patient’s cooperation. all items of such duty are not capable to cite in different kinds of contracts and in some cases ...

Emissions trading, also known as cap-and-trade systems, has not yet fulfilled its function of mitigating overall global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The reasons for this failure are manifold and have been broadly discussed at political empirical levels in the last decades. However, much can still be said from a philosophical perspective. Such an analysis is limited to evaluation systems’ lac...

Whereas previous emission limit values could be met by primary engine control measures, the limits for PM and NOx from heavy duty engines in 2008/09 (Euro V) and diesel passenger cars in 2014/15 (Euro 6) represent a challenge for the developers of diesel engines and vehicles. Due to the thermodynamics of the Diesel combustion process, it is difficult to optimise the combustion process for both ...

To be fully in accordance with constitutional doctrines the notion of conscientious objection must be understood as a manifestation of the fundamental right to ideological freedom as contained in art. 16.1 CE (assuming of course that all objecting conduct is legitimate), but it must also be understood as a principle. That is to say, any conflict between the subject's fundamental right and legal...