The structure of gadolinium oxyfluoride nanoparticles was revised. Extensive studies including X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the monoclinic P12/c1 crystal structure of Gd4O3F6. Morphological analysis using transmission electron microscopy showed the nanocrystallinity of the materials prepared via the...

Advance Access publication 21 May 2014 may be very difficult to go much <1%, even with the additional use of the Rietveld refinement in X-ray diffraction (LOQ = 0.76%). We are unaware of any method that has been published for the determination of crystalline silica in bulk materials that can measure down to 0.1%. If the laboratory used by Radnoff and Kutz has been able to modify NIOSH 7500 to a...

Oxygen vacancy (VO) strongly affects the properties of oxides. In this study, we used X-ray diffraction (XRD) to study changes in the VO concentration as a function of the Co-doping level of ZnO. Rietveld refinement yielded a different result from that determined via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), but additional maximum entropy method (MEM) analysis led it to compensate for the differe...

X-ray powder diffraction provides a direct analysis of phase abundance of portland cement clinkers and cements. The ASTM C01 (Cement) Committee formed a task group to investigate quantitative X-ray powder diffraction analysis that resulted in the ASTM C 1365 standard test for X-ray powder diffraction of portland cement clinker and portland cement. Estimates of test precision and bias are requir...

Phase composition estimates by X-ray powder diffraction and Rietveld analysis are becoming more widely used in the cement industry. The ASTM C01.23 Compositional Analysis subcommittee developed test method C 1365 Standard Test for ‘Determination of the Proportion of Phases in Portland Cement and Portland-Cement Clinker Using X-Ray Powder Diffraction Analysis.’ A round-robin analysis involving 1...

Polycrystalline LnAg(W0 4 ) (Mo0 4 ) powders, with Ln = La to Lu and Y, have been obtained by ceramic method. Rietveld refinement for all compounds reveals that they present tetragonal symmetry, space group 741/a (No. 88), where the Ln/Ag ions are located in the 4a atomic positions, since the W/Mo are randomly distributed into 4b crystal sites. In these compounds, a and b lattice parameters tak...

 The compound BaGaF5•2H2O was prepared at moderate temperature, 60-80°C, from HF aqueous solution. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/m with a = 10.0626(6) Å, b = 5.8070(1) Å, c = 4.9788(3) Å, β = 103.359(7)° and Z = 2. The structure was determined from conventional powder diffraction data by direct methods and refined from synchrotron data to RP = 10.8 and RB = 4.0 % by...

Z. Naturforsch. 2009, 64b, 487 – 490; received February 20, 2009 The title compound has been synthesized under 4 GPa and at 500 ◦C from Na2O and MnO as starting materials. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray powder pattern indicates that Na6MnO4 is isostructural to Na6ZnO4 and thus is representing the second manifestation of an “isolated” [MnO4]6− anion after Na14Mn2O9. The compound crystallizes i...

To my mind, being wrong is nowhere near as disheartening as being boring, so I am encouraged by the fact that, in the four chapters immediately preceding this one, four thinkers for whom I have nothing but the utmost intellectual respect have found my ongoing project to articulate the philosophical groundwork for a genuinely Heideggerian cognitive science interesting enough that they have taken...