The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is one of the most detrimental pests affecting rice crops. The use of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins has been explored as a means to control this pest, but the potential for C. suppressalis to develop resistance to Bt toxins makes this approach problematic. Few C. suppressalis gene sequences are known, which makes in...

Stem borers and leaffolders are the main pests that cause severe damage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production worldwide. We developed the first photoperiod- and thermo-sensitive male sterility (PTSMS) rice 208S with the cry1Ab/1Ac Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene, through sexual crossing with Huahui 1 (elite line with the cry1Ab/1Ac gene). The novel 208S and its hybrids presented high and stable...

In plants, Dicer-like 1 (DCL1)-mediated two-step cleavages are essential for the processing of microRNA (miRNA) gene products. Interestingly, DCL1 has been indicated to be involved in the production of many small RNAs (sRNAs) that cannot be classified as canonical miRNAs. However, genomic and functional information on the non-miRNA, DCL1-dependent sRNAs is still limited. Here, we propose a seco...

We have shown previously that ethylene, which accumulates in the air spaces of submerged stem sections of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv "Habiganj Aman II"), is involved in regulating the growth response caused by submergence. The role of gibberellins in the submergence response was studied using tetcyclacis (TCY), a new plant growth retardant, which inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis. Stem sections e...

Abstract Source–sink relationships are key to overall crop performance. Detailed understanding of the factors that determine source–sink dynamics is imperative for balance biomass and grain yield in plants. We investigated differences between a cultivated rice, Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare, wild australiensis, which show striking yield. accumulates higher biomass, not only showed photosynthesis ...

abstract striped rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker (lepidoptera: pyralidae) is one of the important pests in rice fields of mazandaran. therefore, almost the farmers of northern iran apply several pesticides in nurseries for the pest control; while it is causes environmental risks and damages to human. in this research two different items including, 1- study of egg masses density in nu...

The yield loss simulation (YLS) and the MACROS LIQ.CSM models were used to simulate the effect of stem borer damage at a detillering rate of 5, 15, 30, 60% at vegetative, panicle initiation and grain filing stages, on yield of rice cultivar?s Ratna. This stem borer damage during vegetative and panicle initiation stages was not simulated appropriately by both the models. Relatively MACROS simul...

Low solar radiation caused by industrial development and solar dimming has become a limitation in crop production in China. It is widely accepted that low solar radiation influences many aspects of plant development, including slender, weak stems and susceptibility to lodging. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. To clarify how low solar radiation affects stem mechanical ...