According to a widely accepted view, the structure of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid in the nucleus determines the enzymatic composition of the cytoplasm. An attractive proposition which would explain this genetic control of cytoplasmic enzymes is that deoxyribonucleic acid in some way determines the structure of nuclear ribonucleic acid, that the nuclear ribonucleic acid passes out into the...

The purpose of the study was to describe endothelin (ET) production and to characterize the effect of hypoxia on preproendothelin-1 (preproET-1) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression and ET secretion by rat type II pneumocytes in vitro. Rat type II pneumocytes were incubated in a sealed chamber containing a normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (1% O2) atmosphere for increasing durations. Immunor...

Several species and strains of lactobicilli, Bacillus coagulans, and Sporolactobacillus inulinus produced detectable amounts of extracellular nuclease which hydrolyzed ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid.

We have isolated chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid clones containing the Drosophila dopa decarboxylase gene. We describe an isolation procedure which can be applied to other nonabundantly expressed Drosophila genes. The dopa decarboxylase gene lies within or very near polytene chromosome band 37C1-2. The gene is interrupted by at least one intron, and the primary mode of regulation is pretransl...

Introduction 2 Deoxyribonucleic Acid to Ribonucleic Acid 4 Ribonucleic Acid to Protein 6 Proteome Handling in Classical and Functional Proteomics 6 Protein Purification 6 Cell Culture 8 Other Source of Samples 8 Subpopulation of Cells 10 Subcellular Components 11 Protein Separation by Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis 12 Principles of Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic Separation 13 Detectio...

The direction of transcription of the carAB gene cluster, which codes for Escherichia coli carbamoylphosphate synthase, was deduced from the effects of phage Mu-1 insertions in each of the two genes and from the results of ribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization experiments relating the quantity of car messenger ribonucleic acid to the location of various car mutations. The car loc...

When Escherichia coli are grown in the presence of 5-fluorouracil, the 5-fluorouracil is incorporated almost exclusively into ribonucleic acid as fluorouridylate. In this study, small but detectable amounts were incorporated into ribonucleic acid as fluorocytidylate and into deoxyribonucleic acid as fluorodeoxyuridylate and fluorodeoxycytidylate. The amount of 5-fluorouracil found in deoxyribon...