Indonesia is a tropical country that has natural forests and suitable for orchid species habitat, leading to more than 5,000 of orchids grow. The area the main distribution centre epiphytic orchids, one which Dendrobium, grows 1,000 throughout world. Orchid seeds are very small do not have an endosperm, making germination difficult in their habitat. Mycorrhizal association with plays role survi...

Mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte in Chlorophytum borivillianum cultivated in different parts of southwest India was found. Dark septate fungi with melanized hyphae and microsclerotia were documented. During culturing of themicrosclerotia-containing roots, fungi with `Rhizoctonia-like’ characters developed. The fungi showed reluctance in sporulation but produced microsclerotia in the mediu...

greenhouse-grown red pine seedling, Pinus resinosa, when cultured on malt agar or potato dextrose agar (PDA) showed inhibitory activity against selected test fungi. Sensitive fungi included Ceratocystis ulmi (BUISM.) C. MOREAU, Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani KUHN, Cylindrocarpon sp., Fusarium oxysporum SCHLECT., and Sirococcus strobilinus PREUSS. When grown on PDA, a colorless crystalline sol...

Rhizoctonia solani is a soil- and seed-borne fungus belonging to class basidiomycete capable of living free as saprophyte in the soil. It divided into 14 anastomosis groups (AGs), which are incompatible with each other terms reproduction proliferation. has potential cause disease various annual perennial fruits, vegetables, industrial cereal crops. Plant diseases mostly controlled by cultural m...

The isolation, structure determination, syntheses and biological activity of Nb-acetyltryptamine and three proline containing dioxopiperazines, cyclo(S-Pro-S-Leu) (2), cyclo(S-Pro-S-Ile) (3), and cyclo(S-Pro-S-Val) (4), from cultures of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn are reported here for the first time. Despite the small amounts isolated, the absolute stereochemistry of these naturally occurring diox...

A series of new 2,3-disubstituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazines were prepared in moderate to excellent yields by aza-acetalizations of aromatic aldehydes with 2-(N-substituted aminomethyl)phenols in the presence of TMSCl. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The fungicidal activities of the target compounds were preliminarily evaluated, and some c...

We have tested whether a gene encoding a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) protects tobacco against a fungal pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani) and two oomycetes (Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae and Peronospora hyoscyami f. sp. tabacina). The trials were performed in greenhouse conditions for R. solani and P. parasitica and in the field for P. hyoscyami. Our results show that expre...

abstract valerian medicinal plant (valeriana officinalis) is a perennial succulent plant that is natural lenitive and good ingrained of diazepam. this study was conducted in order to identify the fungal agents of rhizome and root rot of valerian. infected plant samples that showed the symptoms of rotting and necrosis were collected from karaj and used in order to isolate disease agents. symptom...

in vitro and greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the possibility of an interaction between two systemic insecticides of: thiodicarb (larvin df 80) and imidacloprid (guacho sw 70), and seedling disease organisms of: rhizoctonia solani, fusarium moniliforme and pythium ultimum. when in vitro concentrations of imidacloprid and thiodicarb were applied, a fungistatic activity occurred. ...