As retail choice states reach the end of their transitional, rate-cap periods, state regulators must decide what type of default supply service to provide to customers that have not switched to a competitive retail supplier. In a growing number of states, regulators have adopted real-time pricing (RTP) as the default service for large commercial and industrial (C&I) customers. Although this tre...

In this paper, we examine retailers’ dynamic pricing behavior in a competitive environment, using scanner data on the refrigerated orange juice category. We examine two factors that may result in lower retail prices compared to static optimum prices at categorylevel profit maximization: (i) retailers’ use of a loss leader strategy for national brands to attract more consumers, and (ii) retailer...

Abstract We examine the dynamics of margin between retail and international coffee prices from 1980 to 2018. find no significant trend in using a robust procedure for estimating trend. Further, we establish that any deviations are transitory full sample as well periods prior after demise ICA, but with asymmetric adjustment. One reasons observed asymmetry could be market concentration supply cha...

This paper investigates the determinants of the prices of branded prescription medicines across different regulatory settings and health care systems, taking into account their launch date, patent status, market dynamics and the regulatory context in which they diffuse. By using volume-weighted price indices, this paper analyzes price levels for a basket of prescription medicines and their diff...

Applying the Hierarchical Bayesian Regression model to weekly aggregated sales history data from 92 retail stores located around Tokyo, I calculated price elasticities by item, week, and store. These elasticities are more stable than figures calculated using the Hierarchical Regression or Bayesian Regression models. Furthermore, using Google Earth, I visualized the calculated price elasticities...

This study presents a new explanation ofasymmetric price behavior infood markets based on the presence of transactions costs, and provides evidence from a developing country. Price liberalization can in many cases be insufficient for efficient operation ofAfrican food markets. This is mainly due to the existence of significant transactions costs, caused by deficient infrastructure and informati...