Received analyses based on stochastic frontier modeling with panel data have relied primarily on results from traditional linear fixed and random effects models. This paper examines extensions of these models that circumvent two important shortcomings of the existing fixed and random effects approaches. The conventional panel data stochastic frontier estimators both assume that technical or cos...

background & objectives: neutrophils are the most important member of granulocytes & the first line of host defence against micro-organisms. they kill micro-organisms entering the body by phagocytic activity. one of the important phases of phagocytic activity is respiratory burst which can be effected by different drugs such as cimetidine. in this study the effects of cimetidine on respiratory ...

One of the most readily apparent contemporary factors linking climate to human health is air pollution. Important progress has been made in reducing U.S. air pollution since the first Clean Air Act was passed in 1970, but summer haze and its constituent particulate matter and photochemical air pollutants remain substantial ongoing problems across the U.S. Short-term meteorological effects on ai...

A component of particulate matter (PM) air pollution that may provide one biologically plausible pathway for the observed PM air pollution-health effect associations is aerosol acidity (H(+)). An increasing number of observational studies have demonstrated associations between H(+) and increased adverse health effects in the United States and abroad. Although studies have shown significant H(+)...

Waste management, namely, collection, transport, sorting and processing, and disposal, is an issue of social concern owing to its environmental impact and effects on public health. In fact, waste management activities are carried out according to procedures that can have various negative effects on the environment and, potentially, on human health. The aim of our study was to assess the potenti...

Population exposure to multiple chemicals in air presents significant challenges for environmental public health. Air quality regulations distinguish criteria air pollutants (CAPs) (e.g., ozone, PM2.5) from hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)-187 chemicals which include carcinogens and others that are associated with respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological and numerous other non-cancer health eff...

background: most of the studies have reported higher occupational health hazâ­ards on hazardous waste workers (hww). however reports regarding the assoâ­ciation between health hazards and pro-inflammatory cytokines in hww are scanty. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between occupational health hazards and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines in hww. methods: one hundred...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular health effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure from wildfire smoke are neither definitive nor consistent with PM2.5 from other air pollution sources. Non-comparability among wildfire health studies limits research conclusions. METHODS We examined cardiovascular and respiratory health outcomes related to peat wildfire smoke exposure in a population where s...