Consider the random walk among N places with N(N - 1)/2 transports. We attach an exponential random variable Xij to each transport between places Pi and Pj and take these random variables mutually independent. If transports are possible or impossible independently with probability p and 1-p, respectively, then we give a lower bound for the distribution function of the smallest path at point log...

Let $G$ be a connected graph on $n$ vertices. $G$ is called tricyclic if it has $n + 2$ edges, and tetracyclic if $G$ has exactly $n + 3$ edges. Suppose $mathcal{C}_n$ and $mathcal{D}_n$ denote the set of all tricyclic and tetracyclic $n-$vertex graphs, respectively. The aim of this paper is to calculate the minimum and maximum of eccentric connectivity index in $mathcal{C}_n$ and $mathcal{D}_n...

In this paper, the fuzzy matrix equation $Awidetilde{X}B=widetilde{C}$ in which $A,B$ are $n times n$crisp matrices respectively and $widetilde{C}$ is an $n times n$ arbitrary LR fuzzy numbers matrix, is investigated. A new numerical procedure for calculating the fuzzy solution is designed and a sufficient condition for the existence of strong fuzzy solution is derived. Some examples are ...

Let V and W be two real vector spaces and let &sim be a relation on both V and W. A linear function T : V → W is said to be a linear preserver (respectively strong linear preserver) of &sim if Tx &sim Ty whenever x &sim y (respectively Tx &sim Ty if and only if x &sim y). In this paper we characterize all linear functions T : M_{n,m} → M_{n,k} which preserve or strongly preserve multivariate an...

estimation of optimum fertilizer rates is needed because of growing economic and environmental concerns. optimum fertilizer rates can be determined by fitting statistical models to yield data collected from n fertilizer experiments. the main goal of this research was to compare and evaluate quadratic, square root, mitscherlich, rectangular hyperbola, linear plus plateau and quadratic plus plate...

Three new heteroleptic copper(II) complexes, [(tmen)Cu(dike)H2O]X where tmen = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, dike = 2-acetylcyclopentanone anion and X= ClO4- (1), Cl- (2) and Br- (3) are prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements and IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy techniques. The complex 1 is fairly soluble in various organic solvents and demonstrates d...

chemical assessments of forage clearly determine the forage quality; however, traditional methods of analysis are somehow time consuming, costly, and technically demanding. near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (nirs) has been reported as a method for evaluating chemical composition of agriculture products, food, and forage and has several advantages over chemical analyses such as conducting c...

the objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of different levels of nitrogen (n) and salinity on biochemical mechanisms of two wheat genotypes. a field experiment was carried out in a three replicate rcbd split factorial experiment in salinity station of college of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran in 2007-2008 and 2008-2009. three levels of salt stress (1.3, 5,...