la question de l’interaction entre le lecteur et le personnage est cruciale en toute étude en littérature fictionnelle. pourtant, malgré l’intérêt que les chercheurs portent depuis longtemps à l’examen de cette relation, celle-ci n’a été que rarement l’objet d’une étude méthodique. c’est pour combler ce manque que vincent jouve propose sa théorisation sur « l’effet-personnage ». le modèle prése...

We report a novel fat face illusion that when two identical images of the same face are aligned vertically, the face at the bottom appears 'fatter'. This illusion emerged when the faces were shown upright, but not inverted, with the size of the illusion being 4%. When the faces were presented upside down, the illusion did not emerge. Also, when upright clocks were shown in the same vertically a...

The rubber hand illusion is a perceptual illusion in which a model hand is experienced as part of one's own body. In the present study we directly compared the classical illusion, based on visuotactile stimulation, with a rubber hand illusion based on active and passive movements. We examined the question of which combinations of sensory and motor cues are the most potent in inducing the illusi...

Empirical and experimental evidence documents that money illusion is persistent and widespread. This paper incorporates money illusion into a stochastic continuous-time monetary model of endogenous growth. We model an agent’s money illusion behavior by assuming that he maximizes nonstandard utility derived from both nominal and real quantities. Money illusion affects an agent’s perception of th...

T he Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the TRIPS Agreement, Box 1) has to a large extent harmonized standards for intellectual property rights, including patents. For many countries, the TRIPS standards were higher than their previous standards. For example, TRIPS obliges countries to allow patenting of pharmaceuticals and imposes a minimum duration of 20 years...

Abstract This article queries the sociopolitical implications of a wave popular interest in legacy Mamluk dynasty (1250–1517) post-2013 Egypt. Although era’s sultans have traditionally been derided mainstream culture as tyrannical ‘foreign’ leaders, they recently reframed last nationalist rulers before Ottoman invasion. revised characterization underpins newfound fascination with their socio-po...