Results: It was found that most of the respondents have insuffi cient food supplies, which led to a large number of economically productive populations to migrate India for earning. Although the level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS was high in the respondents, they also had several confusions. The cultural restrictions forbid them to talk about the issues related to sexuality or to acquire relevant i...

The abundant and widespread Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is currently declining across much of Europe due to landscape changes caused by agricultural intensification. The proximate mechanisms causing adverse effects to breeding Starlings are unclear, hampering our ability to implement cost-efficient agri-environmental schemes to restore populations to former levels. This study aimed to sh...

land use optimization is one of the appropriate methods for soil conservation programs that allow watershed managers and decision makers to choose the best land use practices. with the objective of optimizing land use to minimize soil erosion, the present research was conducted in one of the taleghan sub-basins in iran, namely, orazan sub-basin, with an area of 2,706 ha. to achieve the objectiv...

A key institutional setting is the set of rules balancing the use of coercion to the one of markets for transferring property rights. Even if all legal systems forbid theft ex ante, different societies provide different ex post solutions to the conflict arising between the original owner and the good-faith buyer of a good with defective title. These rules range from the full protection of the o...

The leading direct cause of the loss of biodiversity is habitat alteration and disruption. If we are to address this cause directly, we need to find ways of changing the behavior of rural people. Experience has shown that this is done most effectively through the use of economic instruments, ranging from taxes that discourage over-exploitation, to direct payments for conservation activities car...