The study aimed to analyze potential environmental burdens of different waste-to-energy technologies through LCA model. LCA model is developed by SimaPro software by considering Ecoindicator 99 method. Landfill, Incineration, Pyrolysis-Gasification and Anaerobic Digestion are analyzed by considering emission to the atmosphere per unit electricity generation. Results show that, Landfill and Inci...

The performance of an incinerator is affected markedly by the moisture content of the refuse. To maintain a satisfactory £ire and a high rate of operation under con� ditions of varying refuse moisture is difficult at best: As the flue gas reflects the refuse analysis, a meter is proposed that would report the ratio of CO, and H,O vapor in the furnace exit gas. The CO2/H20 ratio varies from 2.0 ...

Metals contained in the waste transfer to the waste incineration products, including flue gas, fly ash, and bottom ash, as different oxide, nitride, carbides, and other phases. Most of the metal-based phases formed in incineration are toxic and their emissions need to be strictly controlled. Therefore, behavior of metal species during incineration must be well understood. Such understanding is ...

Radioactive contamination in the Tokyo metropolitan area in the immediate aftermath of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident was analyzed via surface soil sampled during a two-month period after the accident. 131I, 134Cs, and 137Cs were detected in these soil samples. The activity and inventory of radioactive material in the eastern part of Tokyo tended to be high. The 134C...

This study monitored ambient air concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in three municipal waste incineration plants. Blood PCDD/Fs levels of 133 workers randomly selected from these plants were also measured. The associations between workers' blood PCDD/Fs concentrations and occupational exposures to PCDD/Fs were assessed. Means of air P...

Taiwan is an energy-importing nation with more than 97% of energy consumption supplied by imported fuels. In this regard, renewable energy like waste-to-energy is become attractive. The objective of this paper is to present an overview of energy utilization from the cogeneration system of municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration in recent years. The description is thus centered on MSW generatio...

The unplanned extension of the right to refuse treatment to the precommitment period is described in this paper. This extension of the right to refuse treatment has important public policy implications for the civil commitment process. These implications, as well as the pros and cons of the extension of the right to refuse treatment, are discussed.