This article provides a comprehensive conceptual analysis of information. It begins with folk notion that information is tripartite phenomenon: something carried by signals about for some use. suggests has three main aspects: structural, referential, and normative. I analyze the individually necessary jointly sufficient conditions defining these aspects consider formal theories relating to each...

Hand use in gestural communication was examined in 115 captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Hand use was measured in subjects while they gestured to food placed out of their reach. The distribution of hand use was examined in relation to sex, age, rearing history, gesture type, and whether the subjects vocalized while gesturing. Overall, significantly more chimpanzees, especially females and ...