In the southern Weddell Sea, several water masses with the capability to form Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) meet near the continental shelf break. The internal tidal field over the continental shelf break here is of interest due to its potential to mix these waters and form AABW. A modified version of the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) was utilized to investigate the internal tidal fields generate...

Upeneus stenopsis n. sp. is described based on four specimens collected off northern Australia and Quezon Island, Philippines, at depths between 165 to 275 m and compared with four closely related species: the deep-water dwelling Upeneus davidaromi (Red Sea) and U. mascareinsis (Western Indian Ocean) and the shallow Indo-West Pacific species, U. subvittatus and U. vittatus. The new species can ...

Blood parasites of the sub-genus Haemoproteus have been reported in seabirds, in particular in species in the Suliformes order. These parasites are transmitted by hippoboscid flies of the genus Olfersia; strong specificity has been suggested between the vector and its vertebrate host. We investigated the prevalence of Haemoproteus infection in Suliformes and hippoboscid flies in two oceanic isl...

Interdecadal variability in the North Pacific region is investigated in a 500-y control integration of the Hamburg ECHAMcLSG coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model. The spectrum is predominantly red, but a significant peak with a period of about 18 y is detected in the spectrum of sea surface temperature (SST). This peak is shown to be associated with an irregular oscillation that i...

diadema setosum (leske, 1778), is one of the common echinoids widely distributed in the indo-west pacific ocean, where it occurs from the red sea, persian gulf and the east coast of africa to japan, australia and malaysia. to investigate the developmental basis of morphological changes in embryos and larvae, we documented the ontogeny of d. setosum in a controlled laboratory condition at the in...

Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations could cause a calcium carbonate subsaturation of Arctic surface waters in the next 20 yr, making these waters corrosive for calcareous organisms. It is presently unknown what effects this will have on Arctic calcifying organisms and the ecosystems of which they are integral components. So far, acidification effects on crustose coralline red algae (CCA) have...

Climate change, including ocean acidification (OA), represents a major threat to coral-reef ecosystems. Although previous experiments have shown that OA can negatively affect the fitness of reef corals, these have not included the long-term effects of competition for space on coral growth rates. Our multispecies year-long study subjected reef-building corals from the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea) to ...

Light and trace metals are critical growth factors for algae but how the interdependence of light quality and metal availability affects algal growth remains largely unknown. Our previous studies have demonstrated the importance of Ni and Fe on the growth of Trichodesmium and Symbiodinium, respectively, two important marine primary producers inhabiting environments with high light intensities. ...

Sympatric species with similar ecological requirements and differences in body size would be expected to partition resources to facilitate coexistence. For sexually dimorphic species, we may expect resource partitioning by gender as well as by species identity. However, it is difficult to document species and sexual resource partitioning in marine ecosystems, given the intractability of these s...

Inverse modeling activities in oceanography have recently been intensified, aided by the oncoming observational data stream of WOCE and the advance of computer power. However, interpretations of inverse model results from climatological hydrographic data are far from simple. This thesis examines the behavior of an inverse model in the WOCE CME (Community Modeling Effort) results where the physi...