The use of recycled materials reduces the need for primary materials and it also minimizes the amount of waste in the production process. Therefore, by using recycled materials, the total material flow necessary for the production of a product can be reduced. Moreover, the total consumption of resources for the production of recycled material is, usually, remarkably inferior that in the product...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare recycled and unused orthodontic miniscrews to determine the feasibility of reuse. The comparisons included both miniscrews with machined surfaces (MS), and those with etched surfaces (ES). METHODS Retrieved MS and ES were further divided into three subgroups according to the assigned recycling procedure: group A, air-water spray; group B, mechani...

The purpose of this prospective longitudinal randomized study was to compare the clinical performance of recycled brackets with that of new stainless steel brackets (Orthos). Twenty patients treated with fixed appliances were included in the investigation. Using a 'split-mouth' design, the dentition of each patient was divided into four quadrants. In 11 randomly selected patients, the maxillary...

OBJECTIVES 1) to assess different methods of recycling orthodontic brackets, 2) to evaluate Shear Bond Strength (SBS) of (a) new, (b) recycled and (c) repeated recycled stainless steel brackets (i) with and (ii) without bracket base primer. STUDY DESIGN A total of 180 extracted human premolar teeth and 180 premolar stainless steel brackets were used. One hundred teeth and 100 brackets were di...

Batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha using the recycled gas closed circuit culture system was conducted in order to develop a practical fermentation system for industrial autotrophic culture for poly (hydroxybutrate) production. The gas phase of the culture system consisted of substrate gas so that gases in this culture could be recycled as long as the amount of the gas consumed would be repleni...

GEO 600 is a dual-recycled interferometric gravitational wave detector which uses advanced optical techniques to achieve its design sensitivity. The peak response of GEO is tunable over a range of frequencies within the detection band of the instrument. The accurate calibration of the detector is an essential step in preparing the data for distribution to the various analysis groups in the comm...

In this study, waste tire powder and waste liquid crystal display (LCD) glass sand are used as recycled materials. With a fixed water to binder ratio (W/B = 0.4), the use of fly ash and slag as cementreplacement materials. waste tire powder and waste LCD glass sand, which passed the sieve screen size # 30(0.595 mm), were used to replace fine aggregates at 0%, 5% and 10% in producing lightweight...

Household laundry as a new end use of recycled water in dual reticulation systems has a great potential as the significant amount of potable water from urban households can be saved. However, there is still no sufficient evidence and supporting recycled water quality guidelines for this particular use. A key gap in knowledge is the impact of heavy metals in recycled water on clothes and washing...

re area. In order to reduce the usage 99), Stone says that the 10mm recycled aggregate and blended stated that the use of recycled aggregate for the construction and rehabilitation of local government roads has a great improve in the last five years. C & D Recycling Industry (n.d.), the fact file stated that from the time of the Romans, the stones from the previous roads were reused when rebuil...