Background. Postcolonoscopy abdominal discomfort and bloating are common. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether rectal decompression improved distension-induced abdominal symptoms and influenced anorectal physiology. Methods. In 15 healthy subjects, rectal distension was achieved by direct air inflation into the rectum by colonoscopy. Placement of rectal and sham tube was then performed...

optimal management of low lying locally advanced rectal cancer remains a major challenge. this study was performed to evaluate the impact of preoperative external radiation therapy combined with systemic chemotherapy on sphincter preservation and local control in locally advanced low lying (<5 cm from anal verge) rectal cancer. a total of 25 consecutive patients with biopsy proven locally advan...

background: oxaliplatin (ox) significantly enhanced the antitumor activity of 5-fu in patients with advanced colorectal cancer and recently some phase ii trials have evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of oxaliplatin in neoadjuvant setting for treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. on the other hand various studies have demonstrated that the overexpression of thymidylate synthase (ts) ...

Background: Wire Electrical discharge machining (WEDM) has higher capability for cutting complex shapes with high precision for very hard materials without using high cost of cutting tools. During the WEDM process, the wire behaves like a metal string, straightened by two axial pulling forces and deformed laterally by a sum of forces from the discharge process. Major forces acting on the wire c...

objectives: the aim of this study was to assess and compare the characteristics of commonly used initial archwires by their load deflection graphs. materials and methods : this study tested three wire designs namely copper nickel titanium (cnt), nickel titanium (niti), and multi-strand niti (msnt) archwires engaged in passive self-ligating (psl) brackets, active self-ligating (asl) brackets or ...

The rate and pattern of rectal distension affect rectal distensibility, perception, and anal relaxation in health. Because rectal urgency is a prominent symptom in fecal incontinence (FI), we assessed rectal distensibility, contractions, perception, and anal pressures during rectal distention in 21 healthy, asymptomatic women (age 61 +/- 2 yr, mean +/- SE) and 51 women with FI (60 +/- 2 yr). Re...

BACKGROUND The initial arch wire is the first arch wire to be inserted into the fixed appliance at the beginning of orthodontic treatment and is used mainly for correcting crowding and rotations of teeth. With a number of orthodontic arch wires available for initial tooth alignment, it is important to understand which wire is most efficient, as well as which wires cause the least amount of root...

The aims of this study were to simultaneously evaluate the expression of Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) in non-neoplastic rectal tissue and rectal cancer tissue, and to collect clinical follow-up data for individual patients. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the developmental functions and prognostic value of YB-1 in rectal cancer. We performed immunohistochemical studies to examine YB-1 e...

A noninteracting quantum-dot arrays side coupled to a quantum wire is studied. Transport through the quantum wire is investigated by using a noninteracting Anderson tunneling Hamiltonian. The conductance at zero temperature develops an oscillating band with resonances and antiresonances due to constructive and destructive interference in the ballistic channel, respectively. Moreover, we have fo...

In this paper, stiffness of planar translational wire-actuated parallel manipulators is studied. The complete form of the stiffness matrix of the two degrees of freedom manipulators is formulated parametrically. The differential form of the static force balance equations is used to incorporate the variation of wire stiffness with wire length and the change in the Jacobian matrix under external ...