Recently, with great interest we read the review article by Zeraati et al. entitled “A review article: access recirculation among end stage renal disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis” in your most valuable journal (1). The author summarized some of observations about causes and clinical significance of arteriovenous (AV) fistula recirculation, techniques for accurate assessment ...

current approaches to the analysis of internal combustion engines are no longer merely based on the first law of thermodynamics and are conducted from the second law either. the evaluation of processes by the first law cannot provide a sophisticated insight into the issue. so, due to the necessity of having a detailed perspective of the losses in different thermodynamic processes, a useful meth...

Introduction Effectiveness of veno-venous (VV) ECMO treatment is in part dependent on the magnitude of recirculation. The recirculation fraction (RF) is for example influenced by cannulation type (dual lumen or single lumen cannulas), cannula position, pump flow, and cardiac output. RF might also be affected by cannula design. Knowledge of RF related to a certain cannula design might influence ...

The intent of this proposal is to boost the energy of the SLAC beam into the 40 GeV range by recycling the electrons through the accelerator for a second pass. In order to use the normal klystron repetition rate (360 pps), the beam must be stored for the entire interpulse period (2.8 ms). Storage would be achieved in a 6.9 km-long path extending over the entire length of the accelerator housing...

Motivated by physiological flows in capillaries, venules and the pleural space, the pressure-driven flow of a Newtonian fluid in a two-dimensional wavy-walled channel is investigated theoretically. The sinusoidal wavy shape is due to the configuration of underlying cells, their nuclei and intercellular junctions or clefts. The walls are lined with a thin poroelastic layer that models the glycoc...

The mitochondrial respiratory activities and energy metabolism in the fetal rat brain were measured at the end of 30 minutes of intrauterine ischemia and after 2 and 4 hours of recirculation. The transient ischemia was associated with a delayed deterioration of cellular bioenergetic state and mitochondrial activities. The deterioration was not prevented by a free radical scavenger, 3-methyl-1-p...

1. Motivation and objectives Many industrial applications in such elds as aeronautical, mechanical, thermal, and environmental engineering involve complex turbulent ows containing global separations and subsequent reattachment zones. Accurate prediction of this phenomena is very important because separations innuence the whole uid ow and may have an even bigger impact on surface heat transfer. ...

BACKGROUND Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is a major cause of graft failure. Hemodynamic factors such as stagnation and disturbed blood flow are involved in IH formation. The aim of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of distal-end side-to-side (deSTS) and end-to-side (ETS) anastomoses using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) after validating the results via particle image velocimetry (PI...