A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL by the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network (1) demonstrated a 22% reduction in mortality in patients by reducing the tidal volume for mechanical ventilation from the conventional setting of 12 ml/kg to a lower setting of 6 ml/kg. This dramatic decrease in mortality has stimulated significant interest in the mechanisms of ventilatorinduced lung injury and the ...

We present a reactive empirical potential with environment-dependent bond strengths for the carbon-oxygen (CO) system. The distinct feature of the potential is the use of three adjustable parameters characterizing the bond: the strength, length, and force constant, rather than a single bond order parameter, as often employed in these types of potentials. The values of the parameters are calcula...

Neutrophils are the first line of defense against bacterial infections, and the generation of reactive oxygen species is a key part of their arsenal. Pathogens use detoxification systems to avoid the bactericidal effects of reactive oxygen species. Here we demonstrate that the Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is susceptible to reactive oxygen species but actively blocks the reactiv...

D ioxygen is a highly important, yet toxic, molecule that reacts in vivo to produce reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, peroxides, hydroxyl radicals, and other related species. Those species play important roles in healthy organisms, and they are implicated in aging and a wide range of disease processes as well. The contents of this Special Feature on Reactive Oxygen Species in Chemistr...

Copyright © 2009 American Heart Association. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0194-911X. Online 72514 Hypertension is published by the American Heart Association. 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.130054 2009;53;885-892; originally published online Apr 27, 2009; Hypertension Francesco Addabbo, Monica Montagnani and Michael S. Goligorsky Mitochondria and Reactiv...

CV5attonella marina, a raphidophycean flagellate, is one of the most toxic red tide phytoplankton and causes seyere damage to fish farming. Recent studies demonstrated that C7iattonella sp. generates superoxide (02'), hydirogen perexide (H202), and hydroxyl radicals ( ・ OH), which may be responsible for the toxicity ef C marina. In this study, we found that other raphidophycean fiagellates such...