The relative number of copies of pumpkin DNA sequences which are complementary to high molecular weight ribosomal RNA (HMW rRNA), 5S and 4S RNA was found, by DNA-RNA hybridization experiments, to be approximately 1:1.2:2.5. At saturation, the levels of hybridization obtained with these RNAs were 2.4%, 0.029% and 0.044%, respectively. Based upon a haploid genomic DNA content of 4.9 x 10^' dalton...

The transcription of ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) is a rate-limiting step in ribosome biogenesis and changes profoundly in response to environmental conditions. Recently we reported that JmjC demethylase KDM2A reduces rDNA transcription on starvation, with accompanying demethylation of dimethylated Lys 36 of histone H3 (H3K36me2) in rDNA promoter. Here, we characterized the functions of two domai...

Numerous investigations applying the cloning and sequencing of rRNA genes (rDNAs) to the study of marine bacterioplankton diversity have shown that the sequences of genes cloned directly from environmental DNA do not correspond to the genes of cultured marine taxa. These results have been interpreted as support for the hypothesis that the most abundant heterotrophic marine bacterioplankton spec...

Bacterial strains were isolated from sponge and green algae which were collected on the coast of Japan and Palau. The phylogenetic relationships of these isolates among marine species of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides complex were analysed by using their gyrB nucleotide sequences and translated peptide sequences (GyrB) in addition to 16S rDNA sequences. These isolates were closely rel...

Bacillus represents microbes of high economic, medical and biodefense importance. Bacillus strain identification based on 16S rRNA sequence analyses is invariably limited to species level. Secondly, certain discrepancies exist in the segregation of Bacillus subtilis strains. In the RDP/NCBI databases, out of a total of 2611 individual 16S rDNA sequences belonging to the 175 different species of...

The homobasidiomycetes includes the mushroom-forming fungi. Members of the homobasidiomycetes produce the largest, most complex fruiting bodies in the fungi, such as gilled mushrooms ("agarics"), boletes, polypores, and puffballs. The homobasidiomycetes also includes species that produce minute, cup- or tube-shaped "cyphelloid" fruiting bodies, that rarely exceed 1-2 mm diameter. The goal of th...

We analyzed the phylogenetic composition of bacterial community in the effluent leachate of a full-scale recirculating landfill using a culture-independent molecular approach. 16S rRNA genes were amplified directly from leachate DNA with universally conserved and Bacteria-specific rDNA primers and cloned. The clone library was screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism, and representa...

A molecular method for the detection of Pseudomonas pseudomallei was developed on the basis of the differences in the 23S rRNA sequences of related species of the genus Pseudomonas. An 18-base oligonucleotide probe, designed following partial sequencing of 23s ribosomal DNA (rDNA), was used for the identification and detection of P. pseudomallei either by hybridization or by direct PCR. Optimal...

31 We examined chromosomal distribution of major ribosomal DNAs (rDNAs), clustered in the nucleolar 32 organizer regions (NORs), in 18 species of moths and butterflies using fluorescence in situ 33 hybridization (FISH) with a codling moth (Cydia pomonella) 18S rDNA probe. Most species showed 34 one or two rDNA clusters in their haploid karyotype but exceptions with four to eleven clusters also ...

Flukes belonging to Sphaeridiotrema are important parasites of waterfowl, and 2 morphologically similar species Sphaeridiotrema globulus and Sphaeridiotrema pseudoglobulus, have been implicated in waterfowl mortality in North America. Cytochrome oxidase I (barcode region) and partial LSU-rDNA sequences from specimens of S. globulus and S. pseudoglobulus, obtained from naturally and experimental...