Roughing disorder (RD) is a significant quality barrier in citrus fruit, prevalent on easy-peeling mandarins. As RD is not yet well-understood, this study aimed to examine the changes and synergic molecular processes involved in peel RD. Peel with RD was induced by severely defruiting Satsuma mandarin trees. Morphology observations, RNA-sequencing, and targeted and untargeted metabolic analyses...

Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to improve impaired gastric motility and slow waves in both humans and animals. However, its effects on colonic motility have rarely been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of EA on impaired colonic motility induced by rectal distension (RD)in dogs. Colon contractions and transit were measured in va...

Consider the Langevin process, described by a vector (positions and momenta) in Rd×Rd. Let O be C2 open bounded connected set of Rd. Recent works showed existence unique quasi-stationary distribution (QSD) process on domain D:=O×Rd. In this article, we study overdamped limit QSD, i.e. when friction coefficient goes to infinity. particular, show that marginal law position is QSD O.

http://ann.sagepub.com/content/644/1/220 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0002716212449452 2012 644: 220 The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science D. Jasun Carr, Melissa R. Gotlieb, Nam-Jin Lee and Dhavan V. Shah Consumption from 1994 to 2004 : Disentangling Cohort and Period Effects Examining Overconsumption, Competitive Consumption, and...

Bidirectional typing combines two modes of typing: type checking, which checks that a program satisfies known type, and synthesis, determines from the program. Using checking enables bidirectional to support features for inference is undecidable; using synthesis avoid large annotation burden explicitly typed languages. In addition, improves error locality. We highlight design principles underli...