4q deletions are rare chromosome disorders (RCD), with an estimated incidence of 1:50,000-100,000 that is rising as a result of routine introduction of chromosomal microarray testing. The diagnosis of a 4q deletion, as of any RCD, confers a sense of exclusion, isolation and guilt on families with an affected child. Reliable information available to a lay audience is scant. To address these issu...

Aim of this paper is to discuss convergence of pointed metric measure spaces in absence of any compactness condition. We propose various definitions, show that all of them are equivalent and that for doubling spaces these are also equivalent to the well known measured-Gromov-Hausdorff convergence. Then we show that the curvature conditions CD(K,∞) and RCD(K,∞) are stable under this notion of co...

The term "immunogenic cell death" (ICD) is commonly employed to indicate a peculiar instance of regulated cell death (RCD) that engages the adaptive arm of the immune system. The inoculation of cancer cells undergoing ICD into immunocompetent animals elicits a specific immune response associated with the establishment of immunological memory. Only a few agents are intrinsically endowed with the...

El uso de residuos para la construcción terraplenes es una medida que aumenta sostenibilidad estas obras tierra y está relacionada con las políticas economía circular impulsadas por Unión Europea (UE). Los demolición (RCD) representan un importante volumen dentro los generados. Su utilización debe estar precedida verificación dichos materiales cumplan requisitos técnicos medioambientales normas...

A small subset of coeliac disease (CD) patients experiences persisting or recurring symptoms despite strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). When other causes of villous atrophy have been excluded, these patients are referred to as refractory celiac disease (RCD) patients. RCD can be divided in two types based on the absence (type I) or presence (type II) of an, usually clonal, intraepith...

According to the randomized circle detection (RCD) algorithm, the probability that four randomly sampled points belong to the same circle is relatively low. A fast algorithm for circle detection in this paper is proposed. Three points will be randomly sampled in the edge image and the fourth point is then sampled within the margin of vertical circumscribed and inscribed squares of the circle de...

For $n$-dimensional Riemannian manifolds $M$ with Ricci curvature bounded below by $-(n-1)$, the volume entropy is above $n-1$. If compact, it known that equality holds if and only hyperbolic. We extend this result to $\mathsf{RCD}^{\ast}(-(N-1),N)$ spaces. While upper bound straightforward, rigidity case quite involved due lack of a smooth structure in $\mathsf{RCD}^{\ast}$ As an application w...

Abstract We show two sphere theorems for the Riemannian manifolds with scalar curvature bounded below and non-collapsed $$\mathrm {RCD}(n-1,n)$$ RCD ( n - 1 , ) spaces mean distance clo...

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease affecting the small bowel, which results in malabsorption, diarrhea, and myriad extraintestinal symptoms. This autoimmune disease is triggered by the ingestion of gluten in a fraction of individuals with the human leukocyte antigen haplotypes, DQ2 and DQ8. Earlier thought to be rare in the United States, CD is now known to be common, with a prevalenc...