X-ray analyses of the clay minerals from thousands of sediments indicate that any of the major clay minerals can occur in abundance in any of the major depositional environments and there is no consistent coincidence between specific clay minerals and specific depositional environments. It is concluded that the great majority of clay minerals in sedimentary rocks are detrital in origin, strongl...

application of phosphorus (p) fertilizers as solid or liquid fertilizers to soils leads to re-actions of orthophosphate ions with various soil components which remove p from the so-lution phase and convert it to less soluble phosphates. this study was aimed at determin-ing soil properties that affect the rate of phosphate retention in 28 contrasting calcareous soils from different geographical ...

The clay materials are distinguished on the basis of their different crystal structures. Due to their specific structure, they are applied in the nuclear industry for the removal of radionuclides from nuclear liquid waste as ion exchange material. This mini review presents some of the recent advances of various kinds of clay materials in this aspect. These inorganic materials continue to gain a...

in this study, the effects of long term use of urban wastewater (over 40 years) on soil salt content and related parameters were evaluated in the lands south of tehran. for this analysis, kriging methods were tested. according to the suitable model indices, ordinary kriging (ok) was suitable for ph, clay, na+, mg2+ and sodium adsorption ratio (sar) interpolation; log-normal kriging (log-normal ...

studies by the us salinity laboratory, using gapon rule, led to the value of 0.01475 (mmol l-1)-0.5for the modified gapon selectivity coefficient (k'g). nevertheless, the results of subsequent research reveled that k'g isn’t constant and could take on a wide range of values depending on soil properties. the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between exchangeable sodiu...

An easy method was used to modify the Cloisite Na+ with different cationic surfactants. To prevent the damages in the clay crystal structure, the process was taken without acid activation. The organo-modified montmorillonite (MMT) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (TG/DTG), field emission scanning electron microscopy ...

-Hydrothermal treatment of a mixture of silicic acid, cobalt chloride, sodium dithionite and sodium hydroxide at 250 ~ under 500 psi of argon produced a pink solid. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron diffraction data showed the product to be a well-crystallized smectite. SEM/EDX analysis gave a unit cell formula of [(Si8.05)(Co558)O20(OH)4]Na066....

red mud (rm), a waste tailing from alumina production, (as an important environmental problem), can be used as a strong absorbent pollutant. in this study, the modified red mud (mrm) and pillared clay (pilc) were used for the removal of arsenate from water. the modified red mud (mrm) and pilc complex were characterized using xrd, sem and xrf microanalysis. the adsorption of arsenate on modified...