Random amplified microsatellite polymorphism (RAMP) is a PCR-based marker which uses a combination of two classes of markers: Simple sequence repeat (SSR) and Random amplified DNA polymorphism (RAPD) markers. RAMP has been demonstrated to be a potentially valuable molecular marker for the study of genetic relationships in cultivated plant species. The objective of this study was to optimize the...

We apply model predictive control to optimally coordinate variable speed limits and ramp metering. The basic idea is that speed limits can increase the (density) range in which ramp metering is useful. For the prediction we use a slightly adapted version of the METANET traffic flow model that takes the variable speed limits into account. The optimal control signals aim at minimizing the total t...

The scheduling and execution of ramp area operations is a challenging task. Unlike aircraft maneuvers on taxiways, ramp area aircraft maneuvers are typically not confined to well-defined trajectories. The stochastic nature can force ramp area aircraft to slow down or stop along routes to the taxiway spot to avoid a loss of separation. To address this, we provide a tool for ramp controllers to h...

This paper presents a new algorithm for low-level multiscale segmentation of images. The algorithm is designed to detect image regions regardless of their shapes, sizes, and levels of interior homogeneity, by doing a multiscale analysis without assuming any prior models of region geometry. As in previous work, a region is modeled as a homogeneous set of connected pixels surrounded by ramp disco...

The effect of the on-ramp and off-ramp positions i1 and i2, respectively, on the one dimensional-cellular automaton traffic flow behaviour, is investigated numerically. The on-ramp and off-ramp rates at i1 and i2 are α0 and β0, respectively. However, in the open boundary conditions, with injecting and extracting rates α and β and using parallel dynamics, several phases occur, depending on the p...

In the field of comparative physiology, it remains to be established whether the concept of VO2max is valid in the mouse and, if so, how this value can be accurately determined. In humans, VO2max is generally considered to correspond to the plateau observed when VO2 no longer rises with an increase in workload. In contrast, the concept of VO2peak tends to be used in murine studies. The objectiv...

The current paradigm for receptor-ligand dissociation kinetics assumes off-rates as functions of instantaneous force without impact from its prior history. This a priori assumption is the foundation for predicting dissociation from a given initial state using kinetic equations. Here we have invalidated this assumption by demonstrating the impact of force history with single-bond kinetic experim...

OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypotheses that (1) secondary criteria (respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate, blood [lactate]) traditionally used to verify the determination of maximum oxygen uptake (VO₂(max)) in children can result in the acceptance of a 'submaximal' VO₂(max) or falsely reject a 'true' VO(₂max) and (2) the VO₂(peak) recorded during a ramp test in children is comparabl...

We discuss molecular orbital basis sets that contain both Gaussian and polynomial (ramp) functions. We show that, by modeling ramp-Gaussian products as sums of ramps, all of the required one- and two-electron integrals can be computed quickly and accurately. To illustrate our approach, we construct R-31+G, a mixed ramp-Gaussian basis in which the core basis functions of the 6-31+G basis are rep...

Increasingly, companies require faster ramp-up in order to cope with shorter production cycles and greater demand for product variety. Since quality and dimensional problems are one of the major reasons for delay during ramp-up, rapid diagnosis of dimensional failures is of critical concern. Given the lack of historical data and incomplete process knowledge in ramp-up, a Rough Set based diagnos...