Elevated nitrate concentrations in ground water can be a problem in agricultural areas, especially where soils are sandy. Tillage operations, such as ridge tillage (RT) and no tillage (NT) can reduce runoff and erosion but leaching of soluble nutrients could adversely impact groundwater. In a 2-year study, Br was used to trace the effects of fertilizer placement on solute movement under corn (Z...

Abstract Blade leading edge erosion (LEE) is a major cost driver in the wind energy sector. LEE caused by environmental conditions under which blades operate. The impact of airborne particles striking determines speed erosion, thus severity grows towards blade tip and with turbine’s speed. Currently there no established method for assessing aerodynamic LEE, either numerically or experimentally ...

This Aluminium is a valuable metal because of its goodcorrosion resistance, reflectivity,recycling properties,electrical and thermal conductivity. Materials having high strength-to-weight ratios, as well qualities like good corrosion low weight, creep strength, are required in aerospace applications. Cost parameters must also be considered without sacrificing quality. Al, Ti, Mg, Ni, their allo...

The evergreen rain forests of south-east Asia are an ancient and invaluable resource nature's complex answer to relatively poor soils. Their rapid clearance, because of intense international, as well as local, pressures, is depriving the region of substantial long-term income and is seriously disrupting the environment through flooding, soil erosion and climatic change and threatening the welfa...

We used strontium isotopes and analysis of foliar and soil nutrients to test whether erosion can rejuvenate the supply of rock-derived nutrients in the lowland tropical rain forest of La Selva, Costa Rica. We expected that these nutrients would be depleted from soils on stable surfaces, a result of over one million years of weathering in situ. In fact, trees and palms in all landscape positions...

During their operation, wind turbine blades are eroded due to rain and hail, or they are contaminated with insects. Since the relative inflow velocity is higher at the outer than at the inner part of the blades, erosion occurs mostly at the outer blade region. In order to prevent strong erosion, it is possible to install a leading edge protection, which can be applied to the blades after the in...

n overview of hydrocode analysis at the Applied Physics Laboratory is presented. Starting with an Independent Research and Development project that simulated a high-velocity impact test of a full missile, the Laboratory developed a damage-scoring method for hydrocode simulations of missile impacts that opened the possibilities for a number of other applications. Applications of hydrocode analys...

Floods trigger cascades of physical processes that alter streams and riparian zones of mountain landscapes, yet affected species are resilient Recent flooding in the Pacific Northwest vividly illustrates the complexity of watershed and ecosystem responses to floods, especially in steep forest landscapes. Flooding involves a sequence of interactions that begins with climatic drivers. These drive...

Sand dunes form an important and unique system that can be mobile or fixed by vegetation. The common mobility indices of sand dunes, which are related to the wind and the amount of precipitation and potential evaporation, do not work in many dune fields around the world. The reasons for that lie in the singular physical characteristics of the sandy soil. Sand has high hydraulic conductivity cau...

Water storage pit irrigation method is a new method used suitably in orchard irrigation in arid or semi-arid area. The use of this method not only can make roots deeper to have the capacity of drought resistance, but also can storage rain water and reduce soil erosion. However, its theory must be studied further. The varying head infiltration in single storage pit of homogeneous soil was tested...