Abstract. Monitoring a wide range of atmospheric turbulence over the Antarctic continent is still tricky, while Richardson number (Ri; valuable parameter which determines possibility that could be triggered) easier to obtain. The Ri, calculated from potential temperature and wind speed, was investigated using daily results radiosoundings forecasts Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS). Radiosoundi...

Atmospheric instabilities, mainly convection, depend on temperature distribution and moisture availability. The development of convection can often lead to the formation of clouds and precipitation, release of latent heat, etc. The initiation or development of instabilities has to be studied in detail with high-resolution, ground-based instruments such as ground-based microwave radiometric meas...

[1] Planetary boundary layer (PBL) processes control energy, water, and pollutant exchanges between the surface and free atmosphere. However, there is no observation‐ based global PBL climatology for evaluation of climate, weather, and air quality models or for characterizing PBL variability on large space and time scales. As groundwork for such a climatology, we compute PBL height by seven met...

[1] A vertically high resolved climatology of the thermal and wind structure of the extratropical tropopause region is presented. The climatology is based on data from 80 U.S. radiosonde stations covering the period 1998–2002. Time averages for each radiosonde station are computed using the tropopause as a common reference level for all vertical profiles within the mean. A strong inversion at t...

Anewmethod that combines radar reflectivities from individualNextGenerationWeatherRadars (NEXRAD) into a three-dimensional composite with high horizontal and vertical resolution is used to estimate storm-top altitudes for the continental United States east of the RockyMountains. Echo-top altitudes are compared with the altitude of the lapse-rate tropopause calculated from the ERA-Interim reanal...

Remote sensing techniques are a useful tool for continuous observation of the Earth at global scale. However, products derived from remote sensing data require a rigorous validation using in situ data. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is not really a sounding instrument, but it does have 16 infrared bands (bands 20-36 covering the spectral range from 3 mu m to 14 mu m) that...

To investigate dominant vertical structures of observed temperature perturbations, and to test the temperature implications of the convective quasi-equilibrium hypothesis, the relationship of the tropical temperature profile to the average free tropospheric temperature is examined in Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) satellite data, radiosonde observations, and National Centers for Environmen...

Surface roughness parameters were determined for harvested wheat fields over level terrain at the US Department of Energy’s Cloud and Radiation Testbed (CART) site in north-central Oklahoma. Measurements of wind speed and temperature were made by radiosondes and instruments mounted on 2 and 10 m towers during neutral and unstable atmospheric conditions in the atmospheric surface layer. Surface ...