Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is one of the most effective modalities for modern cancer treatment. The key to successful IMRT treatment hinges on the delivery of a two-dimensional discrete radiation intensity matrix using a device called a multileaf collimator (MLC). Mathematically, the delivery of an intensity matrix using an MLC can be viewed as the problem of representing a no...

A central problem in the delivery of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using a multileaf collimator (MLC) relies on finding a series of leaves configurations that can be shaped with the MLC to properly deliver a given treatment. In this paper, we analyse, from an algorithmic point of view, the power of using dual-layer MLCs and Rotating Collimators for this purpose. 1 Radiation thera...

the years 1895 to 1898 were momentous for their impact on health and human well beings. first, wilhelm roentgen noted a glowing fluorescent screen, caused by invisible rays. this event subsequently led to the discovery of x-rays in 1895, and thus the birth of the “atomic age”. next becquerel’s investigations of these mysterious rays led to his experiments with uranium salt crystals. he thought ...

The risk of secondary cancer from radiation treatment remains a concern for long-term breast cancer survivors, especially those treated with radiation at the age younger than 45 years. Treatment modalities optimally maximize the dose delivery to the tumor while minimizing radiation doses to neighboring organs, which can lead to secondary cancers. A new TomoTherapy treatment machine, TomoHDATM, ...

The aim of this study was to compare IMRT optimization in the CMS XiO radiotherapy treatment planning system, with and without segment weight optimization. Twenty-one prostate cancer patients were selected for this study. All patients were initially planned with step-and-shoot IMRT (S-IMRT). A new plan was then created for each patient by applying the segment weight optimization tool (SWO-IMRT)...

OBJECTIVE To predict the impact of MF radiation on human health. METHODS The vertical distribution of field intensity was estimated by analogism on the basis of measured values from simulation measurement. RESULTS A kind of analogism on the basis of geometric proportion decay pattern is put forward in the essay. It showed that with increasing of height the field intensity increased accordin...

When ground-state atoms are accelerated through a high Q microwave cavity, radiation is produced with an intensity which can exceed the intensity of Unruh acceleration radiation in free space by many orders of magnitude. The reason is a strong nonadiabatic effect at cavity boundaries and its interplay with the standard Unruh effect. The cavity field at steady state is still described by a therm...

Since the clinical implementation of novel rotational forms of intensity-modulated radiotherapy, a variety of planning studies have been published that reinforce the major selling points of the technique. Namely, comparable or even improved dose distributions with a reduction in both monitor units and treatment times, when compared with static gantry intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Although t...

The use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has led to an increase in the number of complex fields that require measurement and comparison to calculated dose distributions in 2D. Current dose-evaluation techniques, including isodose line comparisons, displays of the dose difference between calculated and measured distributions, and distance-to-agreement (DTA) comparisons, are useful...

By expressing the expected collective radiation counts registered by the robotic swarm, at any given workspace location as a function of the prior knowledge about the distribution of radiation intensity in the workspace, the sensor geometry, and the sensors’ trajectories, we apply Bayes’ rule to obtain the probability density function of local radiation intensity conditioned on the collected me...