In this paper we propose an efficient and regular ternary algorithm for scalar multiplication on elliptic curves over finite fields of characteristic three. This method is based on full signed ternary expansion of a scalar to be multiplied. The cost per bit of this algorithm is lower than that of all previous ones.

first we show that the cosets of a fuzzy ideal μ in a bck-algebrax form another bck-algebra  x/μ (called the fuzzy quotient bck-algebra of x by μ). also we show thatx/μ is a fuzzy partition of x and we prove several some isomorphism theorems. moreover we prove that if the associated fuzzy similarity relation of a fuzzy partition p of a commutative bck-algebra iscompatible, then p is a fuzzy quo...

I . Rates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were measured in pigs from birth to 3 days of age in an open-circuit system. 2. The mean respiratory quotient (RQ) during the first 6 h following birth was 0.95 in fasted pigs and 0.91 in pigs which were allowed to feed. 3. The RQ fell during the remainder of the first postnatal day to mean values close to 0.85, whether the pigs were...

Intrapersonal competencies form the foundation of one’s development, and they are fundamental qualities of leadership competences. Four types of intelligence are highlighted in the literature of positive psychology: intelligence quotient (IQ), emotional intelligence quotient (EQ), adversity quotient (AQ) and spiritual intelligence quotient (SQ). It is argued that these competences are important...

Throughout this paper, G denotes a simple and simply connected algebraic group over C of rank r and H is a Cartan subgroup, with Lie algebras g = LieG and h = LieH. Let R be the root system of the pair (G,H), W the Weyl group, and Λ ⊆ h the coroot lattice. Fix once and for all a positive Weyl chamber, i.e. a set of simple roots ∆. The geometric invariant theory quotient of g by the adjoint acti...

I . Rates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were measured in pigs from birth to 3 days of age in an open-circuit system. 2. The mean respiratory quotient (RQ) during the first 6 h following birth was 0.95 in fasted pigs and 0.91 in pigs which were allowed to feed. 3. The RQ fell during the remainder of the first postnatal day to mean values close to 0.85, whether the pigs were...

We investigate the key management problem for broadcasting applications. Previous work showed that batch rekeying can be more cost-effective than individual rekeying. Under the assumption that every user has probability p of being replaced by a new user during a batch rekeying period, we study the structure of the optimal key trees. Constant bounds on both the branching degree and the subtree s...

In this paper, we propose novel representation of binary trees, named the balanced ternary-tree representation. We examine flexible division of binary trees in which we can divide a tree at any node rather than just at the root, and introduce the ternary-tree representation for the flexible division. Due to the flexibility of division, for any binary tree, balanced or ill-balanced, there is alw...