A theoretical survey of multibit quantization is presented, beginning with the classical model of undithered quantization and proceeding to modern statistical models of undithered, subtractively dithered, and nonsubtractively dithered quantizing systems. Properties of the error and output signals for each type of system are examined in relation to the input, using both firstand second-order sta...

In this paper, we have implemented a dithered quantization model to be used with perceptual distortion metric. Mean-square-error (MSE) based cost functions are mostly used for image coding. However, MSE does not necessarily preserve the perceptual quality of the original image. We are using Minkowsky metric as the criterion for allocating bits into various subbands to achieve desired degree of ...

We describe some observations on the practical implementation of the median cut color quantization algorithm, suitably modified for accurate color rendering. The RGB color space is successively divided in such a way that colors with visual significance, even if relatively small in population, are given representatives in the colormap. Appropriately modified, median cut quantization is nearly as...

Recent research in the design of filter banks has shown that nonorthogonal filter banks can potentially provide higher coding gains over orthogonal filter banks. The use of non-orthogonal filter banks, however, poses a difficulty in the quantization of subband signals. The conventional nearest-neighbor (NN) encoding rule for the quantization of subband signals is no longer optimal. In this pape...

In this paper, we tackle the problem of performance improvement of quantization-based data-hiding in the middle-watermark-to-noise ratio (WNR) regime. The objective is to define the quantization-based framework that maximizes the performance of the known-host-state data-hiding in the middle-WNR taking into account the host probability density function (pdf). The experimental results show that t...