A supply chain system is studied, in which the information about the retailer’s storage cost is usually asymmetric. This paper studies the inventory control in the system and presents a quantity discount pricing model for inventory coordination based on the standard container, a transport tool from the supplier to the retailer with a fixed size. First, it investigates the inventory models under...

Determining an order quantity when quantity discounts are available is a major interest of material managers. A supplier offering quantity discounts is a common strategy to entice the buyers to purchase more. In this paper, EOQ models with incremental discounts and either full or partial backordering are developed for the first time. Numerical examples illustrate the proposed models and solutio...

In this paper, the coordination of pricing and periodic review inventory decisions in a supplier-retailer supply chain (SC) is proposed. In the investigated SC, the retailer faces a stochastic price dependent demand and determines the review period, order-up-to-level, and retail price. On the other hand, the supplier decides on the replenishment multiplier. Firstly, the decentralized and centra...

Supply chain management is concerned with the flow of material and information linking across suppliers & users. The coordination among processes plays vital role when different types of products are moving from many suppliers to number of buyers and it turns into more difficult phase when products are deteriorating in nature. Current study employs the same bases to develop a model, where deter...

This paper investigates an order allocation problem of a manufacturer/buyer among multiple suppliers under the risks of supply disruption. A mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model is developed for order allocation considering different capacity, failure probability and quantity discounts for each supplier. We have shown that the formulated problem is NP-hard in nature and genetic al...

In this paper, we study the procurement problem faced by a buyer who needs to purchase a variety of goods from suppliers applying a so-called total quantity discount policy. This policy implies that every supplier announces a number of volume intervals and that the volume interval in which the total amount ordered lies determines the discount. Moreover, the discounted prices apply to all goods ...

This research develops two models to consider retailer sales promotion and manufacturer trade under demand uncertainty. The objective of the first model is determine retailer’s optimal promotional effort order quantity while maximizing profit exogenous promotion. second extends manufacturer’s endogenous decisions. For these models, three different policies (off-invoice, scan-back, unsold-discou...

A firm facing price dependent stochastic demand aims to maximize its total expected profit over a planning horizon. In addition to the regular unit selling price, the firm can utilize quantity discounts to increase sales. We refer to this dual-pricing strategy as quantity-based price differentiation. At the beginning of each period, the firm needs to make three decisions: replenish the inventor...

The joint replenishment problem has been extensively studied and the strategy adopted by a large variety of retailers in recent years. However, under minimum order quantity other constraints does not receive sufficient attention. This paper analyzes retailing supply chain involving supplier that provides discount schedules limits quantity. include requirements for each item as to total quantity...