نتایج جستجو برای: quality adjusted life year qaly algorithm
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Introduction The Spanish Ministry of Health asked us about the efficiency extending current rotavirus vaccination strategy to all newborns. is vaccinate only high-risk newborns (premature and those qualified as by a pediatrician). objective this research was compare three strategies: no-vaccination, universal vaccination, considering two vaccines available in Spain: RotaTeq® Rotarix®. Methods A...
The QALY (quality-adjusted life years) attempts to incorporate the dimension of quality of life into the evaluation by adjusting life years by a quality factor. In practice, this is based on discussing with people the progression of a number of hypothetical illnesses and their ensuing side effects. From this information, the person assesses how each state of health described compares with a the...
Cost-effectiveness analysis made its first appearance in the health care literature more than 4 decades ago. In Britain, the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) explicitly considers cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained among its criteria for coverage recommendations to the National Health Service; some observers have inferred that explicit criteria such as £30,000 per ...
The quality-adjusted life year (QALY) is routinely used as a summary measure of health outcome for economic evaluation, which incorporates the impact on both the quantity and quality of life. Key studies relating to the QALY and utility measurement are the sources of data. Areas of agreement include the need for a standard measure of health outcome to enable comparisons across different disease...
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has been established as the standard external-beam radiation technique to treat prostate cancer in several countries. In Brazil, public health system and National Health Agency do not reimburse its utilization. This study compared cost-effectiveness of IMRT tridimensional (3D-RT) from a payer’s perspective. METHODS: We built Markov ...
BACKGROUND The appropriate thresholds for decisions on the cost-effectiveness of medical interventions remain controversial, especially in 'end-of-life' situations. Evidence of the values placed on different types of health gain by the general public is limited. METHODS Across nine European countries, 17,657 people were presented with different hypothetical health scenarios each involving a g...
OBJECTIVES To investigate the long-term clinical and economic outcomes associated with exenatide versus insulin glargine as "add-on" treatments to oral therapy in individuals with Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with combination oral agents in the Swiss setting. METHODS A computer simulation model of diabetes was used to project complications, life expectancy, quality-adjusted life ex...
OBJECTIVES The analysis goal was to estimate incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for the Comparison of Medical Therapy, Pacing, and Defibrillation in Heart Failure (COMPANION) trial patients who received cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) via pacemaker (CRT-P) or pacemaker-defibrillator (CRT-D) in combination with optimal pharmacological therapy (OPT) relative to patients with OP...
OBJECTIVES To assess changes in quality of life and costs of patients undergoing primary total hip replacement using the Exeter prosthesis compared with a hypothetical 'no surgery' group. DESIGN The incremental quality of life, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and cost of Exeter Primary Outcomes Study patients was compared with hypothetical 'no surgery' group over 5 years. Scores from annu...
BACKGROUND & AIMS The increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States has significant health and economic consequences. Ultrasound (US) surveillance is recommended for patients with cirrhosis because of their high risk of HCC and improving treatment outcomes for small tumors. We assessed the costs, clinical benefits, and cost effectiveness of US surveillance and alte...
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