Traders are often blamed for high prices, prompting government regulation. We study the effects of a ban layer financing intermediaries in edible oil supply chain Bangladesh during 2011–2012. Contrary to predictions standard model an oligopolistic chain, caused downstream wholesale and retail prices rise, pass-through changes imported crude price fall. These results can be explained by extensio...

BACKGROUND Following recent modifications of the Medical Licensure Act (ÄApprO) in the year 2009, palliative care was introduced as a compulsory 13(th) cross-disciplinary subject (Q13) in the undergraduate curriculum. Its implementation must have taken place before the beginning of the final year ('practical year') in August 2013 and has to be substantiated for the medical exams taking place in...

This article develops a framework for assessing the implementation of standards in context multiple negative externalities resulting from meat production. The is applied to introduction New Dutch Retail Standard broiler market, standard on animal welfare initiated by private sector with national coverage. results show that this did not lower producer, retailer, and consumer welfare; rather, soc...

Abstract Motivated by the long‐lasting debate on whether United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) forecasts are optimal, we employ an unknown loss method for ex post evaluation which assumes that USDA forecasters' function is unknown. We conduct optimality tests WASDE corn, soybeans, wheat published during 1988–2019. Our results s...

Virtually all cases of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) carry the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation, leading to the juxtaposition of the CCND1/CYCLIND1 gene to the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) joining region, resulting in cyclin D1 mRNA and protein overexpression.1-3 The existence of “true” MCL negative for cyclin D1 has been controversial but was recently substantiated by gene expression profiling...

A 6-year-old boy with speech delay and mild mental retardation (IQ 82) was found to have a complex double translocation involving four chromosomes and a total of five breakpoints, two being on the same arm. This resulted in the karyotype 46,XY,t(2;4;7)(7;8)(q14;q31;q11q22;q13). As far as the authors are aware this is the first time that such a complex double translocation has been reported. Bot...

Brothers were affected with severe congenital contractures, multiple cutaneous manifestations of ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate, and psychomotor and growth impairment. High resolution prometaphase chromosomes were normal. Molecular studies of DNA markers, closely flanking the X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia locus, did not show evidence of a submicroscopic deletion from the Xq...

Chromosomal translocations in hematological malignancies often result in novel fusion chimeric genes. We report a case of acute myeloid leukemia with a clonal translocation t(11;12)(p15;q13) displaying morphologic and immunophenotypic features resembling the classical hypergranular subtype of acute promyelocytic leukemia. The gene fused to NUP98 (nucleoporin 98) was detected by comparative geno...