The preparation, characterization and electrical properties of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films composed of a symmetrically substituted oligomeric phenylene ethynylene derivative, namely, 4,4'-[1,4-phenylenebis(ethyne-2,1-diyl)]dibenzoic acid (OPE2A), are described. Analysis of the surface pressure versus area per molecule isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy reveal that good-quality Langmuir (L...

BACKGROUND Nowadays, study and application of modified membranes for water treatment have been considered significantly. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize a polysulfone (PSF)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite membrane and to evaluate for arsenate rejection from water. MATERIALS AND METHODS The nanocomposite PSF/GO membrane was fabricated using wet phase inversion method. T...

Detection of red tides (harmful algal blooms or HABs) from space has been problematic in optically complex waters, mainly due to interference from non-pigment constituents to the satellite signal. Using in situ and MERIS (Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) measurements, the spectral characteristics of red tide and non-red tide waters were studied in the East China Sea coastal area. Two sur...

The present study provides an extensive overview of red and near infra-red (NIR) spectral relationships found in the literature and used to constrain red or NIR-modeling schemes in current atmospheric correction (AC) algorithms with the aim to improve water-leaving reflectance retrievals, ρw(λ), in turbid waters. However, most of these spectral relationships have been developed with restricted ...

Sanganer town, district Jaipur (Rajasthan, India) is famous worldwide for its hand block dyeing and textile printing industries. These industries use a variety of chemicals and dyes during processing and finishing of raw materials. Most of the textile dyes used by these industries have not been evaluated for their impact on health and the environment. The workers in these industries are exposed...

Data for the spectral light absorption of pure water from 250 to 550 nm have been obtained using an integrating cavity made from a newly developed diffuse reflector with a very high UV reflectivity. The data provide the first scattering-independent measurements of absorption coefficients in the spectral gap between well-established literature values for the absorption coefficients in the visibl...

Maerl grounds are formed from loose-lying, normally non-geniculated, coralline red algae (Corallinaceae). Such grounds are found in areas characterized primarily by high water movements in the photic zone. Maerl grounds form shallow marine biotopes of high biodiversity, analogous to kelp forests and sea grass beds, all of which are habitats created by marine phototrophs (Birkett et al., 1998; B...

If buffer/indicator systems are used as optical thermometers in multicuvettes, the temperature resolution is limited by errors of optical measurements produced mainly by variations of pathlength and blank transmittance of the wells. Theoretical and practical approaches show that, in multicuvettes, a between-well temperature resolution of < 0.05 degrees C can be achieved by multiwavelength photo...