Background: with the advent of new adhesive materials in dentistry, it has become important to measure regional bond strength along the length of the canal of human teeth to assess the bond strength of resin cements to endodontically treated teeth. This study aimed to investigate the effect of post space region (coronal, middle and apical) and the mode of polymerization of the resin cement on t...

The rapid growth of web services has already given birth to a set of data dissemination applications. Efficient scheduling techniques are necessary to endow such applications with advanced data processing capability. In this paper we have effectively combined broadcasting of very popular (push) data and dissemination of less popular (pull) data to develop a new hybrid scheduling scheme. The sep...

Since the creation of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) in 2005, a burgeoning academic literature has emerged to identify the factors that shape the price of carbon, where one European Union Allowance is equal to one ton of CO2-equivalent emitted in the atmosphere. Thus, there is a need for an updated and thorough literature review on the state-of-the-art on topic that this p...

In recent decades Europe has experienced periods of push and pull migration. Whereas pult migration has been seen as economically beneficial, there is concern that push migration will accelerate the employment crisis. This article qualifies this view by aigdng that migration may erode institutional constraints. The theoreticaX framework behind thts idea accounts for heterogeneous labor, monopol...

The adhesion and interaction properties of functionalised surfaces (substrate or cantilever) were investigated by means of atomic force microscope (AFM) related force measurements. The surfaces were functionalised with a polyelectrolyte: Poly(Allylamine Hydrochloride) (PAH), or with silanes: 3 (ethoxydimethylsilyl) propyl amine (APTES) or (3 aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APDMES). Measurements o...

The adhesion and interaction properties of functionalised surfaces (substrate or cantilever) were investigated by means of atomic force microscope (AFM) related force measurements. The surfaces were functionalised with a polyelectrolyte: Poly(Allylamine Hydrochloride) (PAH), or with silanes: 3 (ethoxydimethylsilyl) propyl amine (APTES) or (3 aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APDMES). Measurements o...

We study the adhesion between smooth polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rubber balls and smooth and rough poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surfaces, and between smooth silicon nitride balls and smooth PDMS surfaces. From the measured viscoelastic modulus of the PDMS rubber we calculate the viscoelastic contribution to the crack-opening propagation energy γeff(v,T) for a wide range of crack tip velocit...

This paper aims at presenting the effects of short-term sustained load and temperature on time-dependent deformation of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bonded to concrete and pull-off strength at room temperature after the sustained loading period. The approach involves experimental and numerical analysis. Single-lap shear specimens were used to evaluate temperature and short-term sustai...

We study the mechanics of pull-off of a barnacle adhering to a thin elastic layer which is bonded to a rigid substrate. We address the case of barnacles having acorn shell geometry and hard, calcarious base plates. Pull-off is initiated by the propagation of an interface edge crack between the base plate and the layer. We compute the energy release rate of this crack as it grows along the inter...

A silicon Mach–Zehnder modulator with a low-loss phase shifter formed by restricted-depth doping is fabricated and characterized. The phase shifter has a PN junction at the bottom of the rib waveguide, whereas the top of the rib is un-doped. Device simulations confirm that the phase-shifter loss is reduced by 26−28% with an increased phase-shifter length to keep a π phase shift with the same bi...