The Street Performer Protocol, first introduced by Kelsey & Schneier, describes a method for the private funding of public information goods. A campaign by the Blender Foundation, using this method to collect donations for releasing the Blender 3D software as Open Source, has been very successful. This demonstrates that the Street Performer is not just an interesting theoretic construct, but ca...

If people are so self-interested, why do they give their money away to charities? One possibility is that people care about the level of the public good their donations provide. But this is not a good explanation: free-riding typically dominates donating even for people who care a great deal about the good in question, and even in groups that are substantially smaller than those in which people...

Consumers consistently express a willingness to favor socially responsible firms, but will they actually pay more for products linked to charitable donations, green production, and similar activities? To answer this question, we analyze a novel data set that matches identical products sold on eBay via charity and non-charity auctions. Items sold through charity auctions have prices that are 6% ...

Whereas much literature exists on “choice overload”, less is known about effects of numbers of alternatives in donation decisions. We hypothesize that donations increase with the number of recipients, albeit at a decreasing rate, and reflect donors’ knowledge of the recipients. Donations involve different concepts of fairness—equity and equality—and these can interact with numbers of alternativ...

Many U.S. states have passed legislation providing leave to organ and bone marrow donors and/or tax benefits for live and deceased organ and bone marrow donations and to employers of donors. We exploit cross-state variation in the timing of such legislation to analyze its impact on organ donations by living and deceased persons, on measures of the quality of the transplants, and on the number o...

The paper introduces tax evasion through subsidies due to false declarations of charitable donations. The study distinguishes between a rebate and match subsidy in an experimental setting. Under the rebate subsidy the individual gets the subsidy, while under the match subsidy the charity organization gets the subsidy. First, I develop a theoretical model of charitable giving and tax evasion. Se...

The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax regulates that in relation to the expenses from charitable donations incurred by Enterprises, the portion within 12% of the total annual profit may be deducted from the taxable income. The application of this Article is helpful for simplifying the calculation of enterprise income tax and encouraging tax-payers to engage in chari...

The false-negative rate depends largely on the window period between HIV-1-infection and the development of antibodies, and the incidence of HIV-1 infection. 7–9 Second, the HIV-1-risk arguments were relative rather than absolute. The question is not whether the prevalence of infection among Ethiopian immigrants is 50 times greater than among other Israelis, but whether the incremental number o...

Prosperity Theology is the teaching that believers have a right to the blessings of health and wealth and that they can obtain these blessings through positive confessions of faith and the “sowing of seeds” through the faithful payment of tithes and offerings. However, the literature reveals that most adherents to the prosperity gospel are not prospering financially and prosperity preachers hav...

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence rates of HIV1/2 antibodies, HBV and HCV antibodies among voluntary blood donors and to estimate the residual risk of HIV, HBV and HCV infection among blood donors in Bukavu. We conducted a follow-up cohort study of volunteer blood donors who have made at least two blood donations in Bukavu (DRC) between January 2010 and December 2012. We reco...