This paper discusses Toulmin’s (1964) concept of backing with respect to the emotional mode of arguing. Specifically, I examine an example from Fogelin (1985) where emotional backing justifies a warrant concerning when we should judge that a person is being pig-headed. While his treatment of this kind of argument can be supported by contemporary emotion science, it needs to be supplemented by t...

INTRODUCTION The risk of developing schizophrenia is higher among persons with an affected sibling compared to the general population. Beliefs about aetiology influence presentation, management and treatment outcomes. There are no reports on multiple occurrences of this disorder in a family in this part of the world. In this case series we also highlight how cultural beliefs hamper and shape ma...

Tinnitus is assumed to be the perception of sound that results exclusively from activity within the nervous system without any external stimulation. Approximately 1-2% of the population regard their tinnitus as a serious threat towards their quality of life. The way the patients describe their suffering varies, sometimes also depending on the interest and insight of the clinician to whom they t...

The first aim is focused in refugees comparing them with a comparison group in clinical characteristics. In addition, the authors compared scores on the self-image (S-I) scale of refugees and comparison subjects, after they had stratified them into four groups by gender and age. Subjects were 133 refugees from Bosnia and Herzegovina and comparison subjects were from Zagreb, Croatia (n = 189). T...

BACKGROUND In France, little information exists on psychotropic drug consumption in the elderly. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the patterns of psychotropic drug consumption, including the extent of inappropriate prescribing, in elderly subjects enrolled in a large health insurance plan in France (MGEN). METHODS In 2011, 5840 MGEN affiliates aged at least 65 years were randomly sele...

Although object relations theories are increasingly prominent in the psychoanalytic and psychotherapeutic literature, efforts to study these phenomena empirically remain in their infancy. Researchers interested in studying intrapsychic processes have nonetheless attempted to assess levels of object relatedness, and several reports have documented both construct and predictive validity. This lit...