OBJECTIVES To clarify the associations between psychosocial work stressors and mental ill health, a meta-analysis of psychosocial work stressors and common mental disorders was undertaken using longitudinal studies identified through a systematic literature review. METHODS The review used a standardized search strategy and strict inclusion and quality criteria in seven databases in 1994-2005....

BACKGROUND In common with elite athletes from other sport disciplines, severe or recurrent injuries in professional footballers are considered to be major physical and psychosocial stressors, which may predispose to mental health problems during and after their career. AIMS To determine the prevalence of mental health problems and psychosocial difficulties in current and former professional f...

Cognitive processes associated with prefrontal cortex and hippocampus decline with age and are vulnerable to disruption by stress. The stress/stress hormone/allostatic load hypotheses of brain aging posit that brain aging, at least in part, is the manifestation of life-long stress exposure. In addition, as humans age, there is a profound increase in the incidence of new onset stressors, many of...

This study examines three categories of disease-related stressors (i.e., physical, cognitive, psychosocial), differential coping, and mental and physical health outcomes in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Findings show that tremors, lack of mental energy, and being dependent on others were the most stressful symptoms in each category. Although there was evidence that PD patients matc...

The effect of combat and operational stress on the mental health of military personnel is a major concern. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with possible posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A questionnaire was completed by 1,569 Marines who deployed in support of conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (2002-2007). Using the PTSD Checklist with a cutoff score of 44, 17...

Chronic, in particular chronic psychosocial, stress is a burden of modern societies and known to be a risk factor for numerous somatic and affective disorders (in detail referenced below). However, based on the limited existence of appropriate, and clinically relevant, animal models for studying the effects of chronic stress, the detailed behavioral, physiological, neuronal, and immunological m...

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) consists of a rare, undifferentiated tumor and often is described as having a chronic and indolent disease process. Approximately 5%-10% of all thyroid malignancies are MTC, and about 25% of patients diagnosed with the disease have a genetic form that was inherited through a mutation of the RET proto-oncogene. The mutation is expressed by an autosomal dominant all...

Aim To assess prevalence of stress and its sources among undergraduate health professional students at Makerere University. Design This was a descriptive cross-sectional study using quantitative methods of data collection. Methods The study was conducted among 258 undergraduate health professional students (Medical, Dental and, Nursing students) at Makerere University. From each programme, ...

We present a phased approach for evaluating the effects of physical, biological, chemical, and psychosocial stressors that may act in combination. Although a phased concept is common to many risk-based approaches, it has not been explicitly outlined for the assessment of combined effects of multiple stressors. The approach begins with the development of appropriate conceptual models and assessm...