Recognizing mathematical expression is important to reduce time in converting image-based documents like PDF to text-based documents that are easy to use and edit. In case of general character recognition, the sequence of character segmentation is from left to right, and from top to bottom. However, mathematical expression is a kind of twodimension visual language. Thus, segmentation is more co...

X-ray radiography is commonly used in (NDT) Non-destructive Testing, for identifying defects in weld. When the X-ray is passed through the weld object, the area where the defects are occurred will be having different intensity profile, than the nearby pixels. Most of the X-ray radiographic images will be having some forms of noise components embedded in it. Median filter is applied for noise re...

The morphology of the extended $\gamma$-ray source is governed by propagation process parent relativistic particles. In this paper, we investigate surface brightness radial profile sources illuminated cosmic ray protons and electrons, considering radiation mechanisms, projection effects, response instruments. We found that particle species can cause considerable differences in observed profiles...

1 Introduction

one of the chief discussions within the phrase structure theory is the analysis of the projection level of modifiers of different grammatical categories. this study provides an analysis of the noun phrase structure in persian, considering the projection levels of the post-modifiers. the study is within the framework of the extended standard theory (est) and, in particular, x-bar syntax. data an...

When an animal smells an odor, olfactory sensory neurons generate an activity pattern across olfactory glomeruli of the first sensory neuropil, the insect antennal lobe or the vertebrate olfactory bulb. Here, several networks of local neurons interact with sensory neurons and with output neurons--insect projection neurons, or vertebrate mitral/tufted cells. The extent and form of information pr...