BACKGROUND Basic conventional prognostic factors for breast cancer include the age of the patient, tumor grade, regional lymph nodes status, and estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor status. Positivity of the HER2 receptor (c-erbB-2) seems to be a new prognostic and predictive factor. Prognostic factors seem to be more important in the high-risk group of the premenopausal females. We eva...

Introduction: Elevated levels of CRP are present among patients at risk for further first-ever myocardial infarction and stroke. It has been shown that after ischemic stroke, increased levels of CRP are associated with unfavorable outcomes. Methods: From 120 patients admitted to the emergency unit of our hospital with the diagnosis of stroke CRP, D-dimer and ferritin level was measured and the ...

Background Neonatal sepsis is one of the most critical illness in neonates that is responsible for a great proportion of morbidity and mortality in neonates so early diagnosis and identification of high risk cases is a challenging aim of our study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of red cell distribution width (RDW), in neonatal sepsis at the time of admission ...

BACKGROUND Interaction in clinical trials presents challenges for design and appropriate sample size estimation. Here we considered interaction between treatment assignment and a dichotomous prognostic factor with a continuous outcome. Our objectives were to describe differences in power and sample size requirements across alternative distributions of a prognostic factor and magnitudes of the i...

Background & objective: Globally, breast cancer is the most common malignancy among females. Prohibition (PHB)-I, a homologous protein, was initially introduced as a suppressor gene for amplification process. Further, the protein has a key role in the cell cycle and is capable of inhibiting DNA transcription in many cell types. Therefore, its possible role in different...

The clinical approach to the patient with nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) should always be considered within the particular clinical context in which the arrhythmia occurs. In the documented absence of heart disease, spontaneous NSVT does not carry any adverse prognostic significance. Exercise-induced NSVT may predict increased cardiac mortality. In ischaemic patients with a left ve...

background urinary tract infection (uti) is common in children. uti with or without vesico-ureteral reflux (vur) may result in renal scarring. severe renal scarring impairs renal function and may result in hypertension, renal insufficiency, and end stage renal disease requiring dialyses or transplantation. beta 2 micro-globulin (ß2mg) is a low molecular weight protein freely filtered by the glo...

INTRODUCTION Surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma remains a challenge. Multiple prognostic factors have been proposed. The number of positive nodes and the ratio between positive lymph node and total lymph node (G+/Gt) are considered by some authors as the most important factor. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed a series of 58 patients with Klatskin tumors. We evaluated the prognosti...

Age has been used as a prognostic factor for patients with peripheral neuroblastic tumours (pNTs). The latest analysis disclosed a cut-off around 18 months for the optimal prognostic distinction. The International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (INPC) distinguishes favourable and unfavourable histology based on the age-appropriate evaluation of histologic indicators (grade of neuroblast...