We have fabricated and tested submillimeter-wave superconductor–insulator–superconductor ~SIS! mixers using very high-current-density Nb/AlN/Nb tunnel junctions (Jc'30 kA cm ). The junctions have low-resistance-area products (RNA'5.6 V mm ), good subgap-to-normal resistance ratios Rsg /RN'10, and good run-to-run reproducibility. From Fourier transform spectrometer measurements, we infer that vR...

This paper provides the first study on the impact of noise barriers on the price of adjacent houses based on a repeat sale analysis (RSA). RSA allows us to empirically examine the differential between the prices of houses sold before and after an event that may have affected their value, and after other relevant variables such as the evolution of the real estate market and major renovations per...

The triode was invented by Lee de Forest in 1907, and soon afterwards the first amplifiers were built. By 1921 the "thermionic tube" amplifiers were so developed that C. A. Hartmann [1] made the first courageous experiment to verify Schottky's formula for the shot noise spectral density [2]. Hartmann's attempt failed, and it was finally J. B. Johnson who successfully measured the predicted whit...

We have found a mechanism by which a moderately weak nonadiabatic periodic driving may significantly facilitate noise-induced interwell transitions in an underdamped multiwell system. The mechanism is associated with the onset of a homoclinic tangle in the noise-free system: if the ratio of the driving amplitude A to the damping gamma exceeds a critical value approximately 1, then the basins of...

A major impediment to improving the treatment of concussion is our current inability to identify patients that will experience persistent problems after the injury. Recently, brain-derived exosomes, which cross the blood-brain barrier and circulate following injury, have shown great potential as a noninvasive biomarker of brain recovery. However, clinical use of exosomes has been constrained by...

PURPOSE The goals of this analysis were to (a) determine concordance of gene expression results from replicate experiments, (b) examine prediction agreement of multigene predictors on replicate data, and (c) assess the robustness of prediction results in the face of noise. PATIENTS AND METHODS Affymetrix U133A gene chips were used for gene expression profiling of 97 fine-needle aspiration bio...

This paper reports on the investigation of charge-transfer noise and lag in CMOS image sensors. Noise and lag are analyzed for buried-photodiode CMOS active-pixel-sensor (APS) devices using a simple Monte-Carlo technique. Since the main mechanism of charge-transfer noise involves carrier emission over a barrier, the results are applicable to the soft reset of photodiode-type CMOS APS devices, a...