A cyber physical system (CPS) is a complex system that integrates computation, communication, and physical processes. Digital manufacturing is a method of using computers and related technologies to control an entire production process. Industry 4.0 can make manufacturing more efficient, flexible, and sustainable through communication and intelligence; therefore, it can increase the competitive...

the aims of this study were to determine hippuric acid and toluene in urine samples, airborne toluene levels, health effects, and to describe any correlation between specimen samples. seventy-five printing workers exposed to toluene at work (exposed group), and 60 nonexposed people (control group) were studied. study participants were selected from same factories in the different positions. uri...

The flexographic printing is the fastest growing printing technique nowadays [1]. The principal advantages of flexography are reflected in the markets where it is most often used. The advantages of flexographic printing are low cost and short circle time, precise ink transfer with minimum on-press adjustments, and ability to print one layer and laminate another layer over it in a continuous pro...

In January 2014, Digimarc announced Digimarc Barcode for the packaging industry to improve the check-out efficiency and customer experience for retailers. Digimarc Barcode is a machine readable code that carries the same information as a traditional Universal Product Code (UPC) and is introduced by adding a robust digital watermark to the package design. It is imperceptible to the human eye but...

Printed electronics is becoming increasingly important in a variety of newly emerging areas. However, restricted to the rather limited conductive inks and available printing strategies, the current electronics manufacture is usually confined to industry level. Here, we show a highly cost-effective and entirely automatic printing way towards personal electronics making, through introducing a tap...

A research project is underway to create a bidirectional reflectance and texture database of printed special effect colors. Such data is needed in the printing industry to determine the required measuring geometries characterizing the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) and texture function (BTF), to develop quality measures for process control, and to simulate the prints’ ap...

Overview:Traditional manufacturing techniques, new trends in global consumer behavior, and agile competition necessitate change the fashion footwear industry, one of world’s oldest most prestigious sectors. 3D printing may be precisely what industry needs. By 2029, is forecast to grow into a USD $6 billion revenue opportunity globally. We applied mixed-method approach study adoption Mexico’s pr...

Modern imaging techniques are an essential component of preoperative planning in plastic and reconstructive surgery. However, conventional modalities, including three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, are limited by their representation on 2D workstations. 3D printing, also known as rapid prototyping or additive manufacturing, was once the province of industry to fabricate models from a compute...