Throughout this note, R will be always a prime ring of characteristic different from 2 with center Z(R), extended centroid C, and two-sided Martindale quotient ring Q. Let f : R→ R be additive mapping of R into itself. It is said to be a derivation of R if f (xy)= f (x)y + x f (y), for all x, y ∈ R. Let S⊆ R be any subset of R. If for any x, y ∈ S, f ([x, y])= [ f (x), y] + [x, f (y)], then the...

For a field k with an automorphism σ and a derivation δ, we introduce the notion of liouvillian solutions of linear difference-differential systems {σ(Y ) = AY, δ(Y ) = BY } over k and characterize the existence of liouvillian solutions in terms of the Galois group of the systems. We will give an algorithm to decide whether such a system has liouvillian solutions when k = C(x, t), σ(x) = x+ 1, ...

let $mathcal{a}$ be a $c^*$-algebra and $z(mathcal{a})$ the‎ ‎center of $mathcal{a}$‎. ‎a sequence ${l_{n}}_{n=0}^{infty}$ of‎ ‎linear mappings on $mathcal{a}$ with $l_{0}=i$‎, ‎where $i$ is the‎ ‎identity mapping‎ ‎on $mathcal{a}$‎, ‎is called a lie higher derivation if‎ ‎$l_{n}[x,y]=sum_{i+j=n} [l_{i}x,l_{j}y]$ for all $x,y in  ‎mathcal{a}$ and all $ngeqslant0$‎. ‎we show that‎ ‎${l_{n}}_{n...

A thin Lie algebra is a Lie algebra graded over the positive integers satisfying a certain narrowness condition. We describe several cyclic grading of the modular Hamiltonian Lie algebras H(2 : n;ω2) (of dimension one less than a power of p) from which we construct infinite-dimensional thin Lie algebras. In the process we provide an explicit identification of H(2 : n;ω2) with a Block algebra. W...

In their seminal paper, Miyaji, Nakabayashi and Takano [12] describe a simple method for the creation of elliptic curves of prime order with embedding degree 3, 4, or 6. Such curves are important for the realisation of pairing-based cryptosystems on ordinary (non-supersingular) elliptic curves. We provide an alternative derivation of their results, and extend them to allow for the generation of...

We construct a nil ring R which has bounded index of nilpotence 2, is Wedderburn radical, and is commutative, and which also has a derivation δ for which the differential polynomial ring R[x; δ] is not even prime radical. This example gives a strong barrier to lifting certain radical properties from rings to differential polynomial rings. It also demarcates the strength of recent results about ...

Let R be a prime ring of characteristic different from 2, U the Utumi quotient ring of R, C the extended centroid of R, F and G non-zero generalized derivations of R. If the composition (FG) acts as a Lie derivation on R, then (FG) is a derivation of R and one of the following holds: 1. there exist α ∈ C and a ∈ U such that F (x) = [a, x] and G(x) = αx, for all x ∈ R; 2. G is an usual derivatio...

Let R be a prime ring of char R = 2, d a nonzero derivation of R, ρ a nonzero right ideal of R and 0 = b ∈ R such that b[[d2[x, y], [x, y]]n = 0 for all x, y ∈ ρ, n ≥ 1 fixed integer. If [ρ, ρ]ρ = 0 then either bρ = 0 or d(ρ)ρ = 0. Mathematics Subject Classification: 16W25, 16R50, 16N60

Let τ be a hereditary torsion theory on ModR and suppose that Qτ : ModR → ModR is the localization functor. It is shown that for all R-modules M, every higher derivation defined on M can be extended uniquely to a higher derivation defined on Qτ(M) if and only if τ is a higher differential torsion theory. It is also shown that if τ is a TTF theory and Cτ : M →M is the colocalization functor, the...